【摘要】 本研究通过对叶盘保湿方法的改进,不同菌源接种后发病严重度的分析,抗、感病对照品种的确定,建立了一种更为便捷、可靠、稳定的葡萄白粉病室内抗性鉴定方法:取葡萄藤自上而下第2～4片幼嫩叶片,打取直径15 mm的叶盘置于1.5%水琼脂平板进行保湿,采集田间菌源直接制备孢子浓度为2×10~5个/mL的孢子悬浮液接种,选定抗、感病葡萄品种做对照,14 d即可完成抗性鉴定。采用此方法对11个葡萄品种(品系)进行了葡萄白粉病抗性评价,结果表明:供试的11个品种(品系)对葡萄白粉病的抗性存在明显差异,其中高感品种为‘巨峰’‘夏黑’和‘阳光玫瑰’等,感病品种为‘玫瑰香’和‘马瑟兰’,抗病品种为‘瑞都科美’和‘无核翠宝’,高抗品种为‘北冰红’。试验结果为葡萄抗病品种的选育及利用提供了方法和基础参考数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through the improvement of leaf disc moisturization methods, analysis of the severity of disease after inoculation with different strains, and identification of resistant and susceptible varieties, a more convenient, reliable and stable laboratory resistance identification method on grapevine powdery mildew was established. The method is as follows: collect the 2-4 young leaves of the vine from top to bottom, make leaf discs using a borer with 15 mm diameter, place the leaf discs on a 1.5% water agar plate for moisturizing purpose, prepare the spore suspension directly with the conidia on the diseased leaves collected from the field, inoculate at the concentration of 2×10~5 conidia/mL, select resistant and susceptible grape varieties as the control, and resistance identification could be completed within 14 days. Resistance evaluation of 11 grape varieties(lines) to grapevine powdery mildew by this method showed that the resistance of the tested 11 varieties(lines) was significantly different. The highly susceptible varieties were ‘Kyoho’ ‘Summer Black’ ‘Shine Muscat’ etc., the susceptible varieties were ‘Muscat’ and ‘Marselan’, the resistant varieties were ‘Ruidu Kemei’ and ‘Nuclear Cuibao’, the highly resistant variety was ‘Arctic Red’. The resistant evaluation results provide method and basic reference data for screening and utilization of grapevine powdery resistant varieties.更多还原