【摘要】 布依族传统民居是中国传统民居中富有特色的一种,主要分布在我国的贵州省,为了解贵州黔中地区布依族民居冬季室内热环境特点,本文以镇宁县布依寨高荡村一个典型民居为研究对象,结合实测数据对民居冬季室内热环境进行详细分析与评价。结果表明:布依族民居石材外墙热惰性大,民居热稳定性较好,冬季晴天白天石材外墙能够较快吸热升温,夜间以及寒冷阴天南墙和西墙分时段放热,共同发挥保温作用,延缓了室内的降温。阁楼空间在室外降温时具有较好的保温作用,可阻碍室内散热,减少热量损失,而负一层气温稳定维持在13℃左右,不利于晴天白天室内的升温。火塘是布依族民居冬季主动采暖的有效方式,布依族人在冬日的活动区域、主动采暖时间选择,体现了民居对气候的适应性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Buyi traditional dwellings are one of the distinctive traditional dwellings in China, which are mainly distributed in Guizhou Province. In order to understand the characteristics of winter indoor thermal environment of Buyi dwellings in Central Guizhou, this paper takes a typical dwellings in Gaodang village of Buyi village in Zhenning County as the research object, and analyzes and evaluates the winter indoor thermal environment of the dwellings in detail based on the measured data. The results show that: the thermal inertia of the stone external wall of Buyi folk house is large, and the thermal stability of the folk house is good. On sunny days in winter, it can heat up quickly in the daytime, and cool down slowly at night and in cold and cloudy days. The attic space has a good thermal insulation effect when it cools down outdoors, which can hinder the indoor heat dissipation and reduce the heat loss. The temperature of the negative floor is maintained at about 13℃, which is not conducive to the indoor temperature rise in sunny days. Huotang is an effective way of Buyi people’s active heating in winter. The choice of Buyi people’s activity area and active heating time in winter reflects their adaptability to climate.更多还原