【摘要】 本文基于清代乾隆朝和嘉庆朝刑科题本婚姻家庭类和土地债务类档案所建立的数据库,定量分析清代中期老年人的居住方式。研究发现,多数老年人与已婚子女组成相对稳定的生活单位,与未婚子女生活、夫妇独居和单人独居也占一定比例。与以往认识不同之处在于,老年人与两个及以上已婚儿子组成的复合家庭所占比例不高。原因有二:一是拥有多个成年儿子的老年人比例较低,只有一子的老年人占比超过50%,他们失去了与子代组成复合家庭的条件;二是多子家庭亲子分爨比例较高,多子老年人并不硬性维系复合型大家庭生活方式,抑制子女的分家要求。论文还考察了老年人性别、配偶存故状态、年龄等因素对其居住方式的影响。本项研究使我们对清代中期中下层老年人的居住方式和特征有了比较具体和清晰的认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 The author has used the data based on the criminal archives of marriage, family and land debts of Qianlong and Jiaqing periods in Qing Dynasty, analyzed the living arrangements of the elderly in the mid-Qing Dynasty. It is found that most of the elderly lived together with their married children, and a certain proportion lived with unmarried children, couples lived alone or single person. The difference from the previous understanding is that the proportion of compound families composed of the elderly and two or more married sons wasn’t high. It is related to two factors. Firstly, the proportion of elderly people with multiple adult sons was low, while the proportion of elderly people with only one son was more than 50%. They had lost the conditions to form a compound family with their married children. Secondly, in families with more than two adult sons, a higher proportion of parents and children lived separately, and most of elderly hadn’t rigidly maintain the live way of large family and restrain the demands of adult children’s separation. The paper also examines the influence of the elderly’s gender, marital status, age and other factors on their living arrangements.更多还原