【摘要】 清王朝地域辽阔,各地情形迥异,在传统时期的交通与信息手段制约下,中央很难了解地方实际情况,这就带来了集权的难题,导致决定大都不是根据各地实情实时做出。在不了解地方情形又无法信任当地官员的情况下,朝廷倾向于根据某个既定的事例来约束地方的行为,让此地遵彼地之例,此时遵彼时之例,以图在不用付出太多监管成本的前提下就能督促地方官员勉力尽责,此即"事例原则"。中央参照事例来做决定,地方选择有利于自己的事例来为自己辩护,因此,事例原则是清代中央集权的重要支柱,它体现在矿业管理中,也体现于清代社会经济中的诸多方面。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Qing dynasty had a vast territory and different localities. Under the constraints of traditional transportation and information methods, it was difficult for the central government to understand the actual situation of the local area, which brought about the problem of centralization of power. Without knowing the local situation and being unable to trust local officials, the imperial court tends to restrict local behavior based on a certain set example(Shili), and let this place follow the example of the other place, and follow the example of that time at this time, so that the local officials could be urged to fulfill their duties without paying too much supervision cost. This is the "case principle(Shili principle)." The central government makes decisions by referring to the case, and the local chooses the case to defend itself. The case principle is an important pillar of the centralization of power in the Qing Dynasty, which was embodied in mining management and in many aspects of the social economy of the Qing Dynasty.更多还原