【摘要】 黄曲霉菌(Aspergillus flavus L.)侵染花生导致黄曲霉毒素(Aflatoxin)污染是影响花生食用安全性和限制花生产业发展的重要因素,其污染抗性分为抗侵染和抗产毒两种类型。抗性机制主要包括形态机制、生理机制和分子机制。种皮中决定花生抗侵染的主要因素为蜡质层厚度、栅栏细胞排列密集程度及有无裂纹等特征。种子中单宁酸、胰蛋白酶抑制剂、白藜芦醇等与花生抵抗黄曲霉菌侵染及毒素合成有关。病程相关蛋白基因、转录因子基因、脂氧合酶基因等均参与了花生抵抗黄曲霉菌侵染的过程。随着生物技术的迅猛发展,将来可利用全基因关联分析和多组学结合的方法,从基因调控网络水平上开展花生黄曲霉抗性研究,在更深层次上阐明花生黄曲霉抗性机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aflatoxin contamination caused by infection of Aspergillus flavus L. is an important factor which poses a serious threat to production and food safety in peanut. Contamination resistance of Aspergillus flavus can be divided into two categories: infection of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin contamination. Resistance mechanisms are usually classified into morphological, physiological, and molecular resistance mechanism. The main factors that determine the resistance of peanut seed coat to infection are the thickness of wax layer, the arrangement density of palisade cells and the existence of seed coat cracks and so on. The contents of tannic acid, trypsin inhibitor and resveratrol were related to the resistance of peanut seeds to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin production. The pathogenesis-related genes, transcription factor genes, lipoxygenase genes, and other resistance genes are involved in the process of peanut resistance to Aspergillus flavus. In the future, it is possible to explore the mechanism of resistance to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin production of peanut seeds based on genome-wide association studies and various omics techniques.更多还原