【摘要】 以丁基锡酸、硝酸镧、硝酸钙、硝酸锌为主要原料分别制备了丁基锡酸根插层锌铝镧类水滑石(ZnAlLa-BS-LDHs)和丁基锡酸根插层钙铝镧类水滑石(CaAlLa-BS-LDHs),通过红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜进行结构表征,采用刚果红法、烘箱变色法、转矩流变仪测定了类水滑石添加后PVC的热稳定性能,利用极限氧指数法、垂直燃烧法(UL 94)、力学谱仪测定了其阻燃性能和拉伸性能。结果表明,单独ZnAlLa-BS-LDHs添加时,出现"锌烧"现象,CaAlLa-BS-LDHs具有较好的热稳定性能,试样初期白度为30 min,扭矩值较低;单独添加ZnAlLa-BS-LDHs时表现出更优的阻燃性能,试样极限氧指数(LOI)为27.6%;两者复配质量份数为0.75/2.25时协同效果最佳,静态及动态热稳定时间分别为110、43.5 min,试样初期白度延长至40 min,扭矩适中;两者复配比例为2/1时可提高试样LOI至29.7%,UL 94燃烧等级降至V-0级;两者复配前后对材料的拉伸性能影响不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 A series of butylstannate-intercalated Ca/Zn-rare-earth hydrotalcite-like compounds(CA/ZnAlLa-BS-LDHs)were synthesized with butyltinic acid,lanthanum nitrate,calcium nitrate and zinc nitrate as raw materials. Their molecular structures were characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray powder diffraction,and scanning electron microscope. Furthermore,the thermal stability of the poly(vinyl-chloride)(PVC)containing the hydrotalcite-like compounds were evaluated by means of Congo red testing method,thermal aging oven method and torque rheometer. Their flame retardancy and stretching property were investigated by limiting oxygen index,vertical combustion method and mechanical spectrometer. The results indicated that there is a"Zinc burning"phenomenon appearing in the ZnAlLa-BS-LDHs appeared,but the CaAlLa-BS-LDHs exhibited a good thermal stability with initial whiteness of30 min and a low torque value. The optimum synergistic effect was obtained at a mass ratio of ZnAlLa-BS-LDHs to CaAlLa-BS-LDHs of 0. 75/2. 25. Their stabilized PVC compounds presented static and dynamic thermal time of110 and 43. 6 min,respectively,and their initial whiteness was extended to 40 min together with a moderate torque. The ZnAlLa-BS-LDHs showed better flame retardancy with a limiting oxygen index(LOI)of 27. 6 vol%. The LOI was increased to 29. 7 % along with a UL 94 classification of V-0 grade at a ZnAlLa-BS-LDHs/CaAlLa-BS-LDHs mass ratio of 2/1. There is no obvious influence on the tensile properties of the PVC compounds from these two additives.更多还原