【摘要】 研究了山东省生态系统服务价值量与均衡度及其相互关系,揭示了生态系统服务价值的空间分异规律和集聚特征。基于生态系统服务价值评估理论,运用地理信息系统(GIS)、回归分析、空间自相关分析等技术方法,依据价值量和均衡度划分山东省生态系统服务的主要类型。结果显示,全省生态系统服务价值总量为9 897.09×108元/a,其中最高的市级单元为东营市,最低的为枣庄市;最高的县级单元为济宁市微山县,最低的为青岛市市南区。全省生态系统服务价值的地均量为6.27×10~4元/(hm~2·a),人均量为9 823.03元/(人·a),均衡度为0.488。从空间分布上来看,生态系统服务高价值量-高均衡度的I类区主要分布于鲁东丘陵区和鲁中南山地区,高价值量-低均衡度的II类区集中分布于鲁北滨海区和微山湖区,低价值量-低均衡度的III类区主要分布在鲁西平原区,低价值量-高均衡度的IV类区主要分布在山地丘陵向平原过渡的区域。全省生态系统服务价值均衡度全域莫兰指数Moran’s I=0.656,呈显著的空间正相关特征,与回归分析研究结果基本一致。研究结论:(1)均衡度在一定程度上弥补了生态系统服务价值评估对其内部构成的研究不足,较为理想地刻画出区域内土地生态系统服务的多样性和均衡性,在一定程度上反映出区域土地生态系统组合的优劣特征。(2)与生态系统服务价值总量相比,其地均量和人均量能够合理避免单元总面积对研究结果的影响,更客观地衡量区域生态系统服务价值的总体水平。(3)生态系统服务的价值量和均衡度共同揭示了山东省生态系统服务的"四类""六区"和"三环"的分布特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studied the quantity and equilibrium of ecosystem service value and their relations, and revealed the spatial differentiation and agglomeration characteristics of ecosystem service value in Shandong Province. Based on theories of ecosystem service evaluation, with the aid of GIS, and by using methods of regression analysis and spatial autocorrelation, main types of ecosystem services in Shandong Province were categorized according to their value quantity and equilibrium. The results showed that the total value of ecosystem services in Shandong Province was 9 897.09×10~8 yuan/a, in which, Dongying was the highest city level unit, while Zaozhuang was the lowest; Weishan of Jining was the highest county level unit, while Shinan District of Qingdao was the lowest. The ecosystem service value average by land of Shandong was 6.27×10~4 yuan/(hm~2·a), the value average by population was 9 823.03 yuan/(p·a), and the equilibrium index was 0.488. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the high value and high equilibrium(I) zones of ecosystem services were mainly distributed in eastern Shandong hilly area and southern and central Shandong mountainous area, the high value and low equilibrium(II) zones were mainly distributed in northern Shandong coastal area and Weishan Lake area, the low value and low equilibrium(III) zones were mainly distributed in western Shandong plain area, and the low value and high equilibrium(IV) zones were mainly distributed in the hill-to-plain transition area. Spatial autocorrelation showed that Moran’s I of the equilibrium of ecosystem services was 0.656, showing a significant spatial positive correlation, basically consistent with the results of the regression analysis. Main findings are as follows:(1) To a certain extent, the equilibrium index makes up for the lack of research on the internal composition of ecosystem service evaluation, which describes the diversity and equilibrium of land ecosystem services in a region, and reflects the advantages and disadvantages of regional land ecosystem combination.(2) Compared with the total value of ecosystem services, the value average by land and the value average by population can reasonably avoid the impact of the total unit area on the research results, and more objectively measure the overall level of regional ecosystem service value.(3) The value and equilibrium of ecosystem services reveal the distribution characteristics of‘4 categories’,‘6 regions’ and‘3 rings’ of ecosystem services in Shandong Province.更多还原