【摘要】 目的评估全国234家基本公共卫生项目戒烟门诊的建设情况,为项目更好地实施提供参考。方法中国疾病控制中心控烟办组织基本公共卫生项目实施省份采用《戒烟门诊评估问卷》对项目医院的戒烟门诊开展评估,评估获得数据录入EpiData数据库。利用SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行清理,采用描述性统计、Kruskal-Wallis H非参数检验、Spearman秩相关等进行统计分析。结果大部分被评估戒烟门诊的建设状况处于基本满足项目要求的水平。东、中、西部地区被评估戒烟门诊在各维度的得分率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。被评估戒烟门诊在软硬件配备和环境布置等方面做得比较好,但开诊次数、干预人数、随访应答率等干预过程指标及衡量戒烟干预效果的时点戒烟率、减烟率等得分情况相对较差。戒烟门诊"有预算""医务人员参加培训""配备戒烟药物""有转诊制度""与当地媒体合作宣传" 5个指标与"存档病人数"均呈正相关(ρ=0.156,ρ=0.212,ρ=0.295,ρ=0.183,ρ=0.129,P均<0.05),"有预算""医务人员参加培训""配备戒烟药物""有转诊制度"与"1个月时点戒烟率"均呈正相关(ρ=0.196,ρ=0.154,ρ=0.261,ρ=0.235,P均<0.05)。结论对于被评估的大部分戒烟门诊的软硬件配置与环境布置等相对容易完成,而干预量和干预效果达到一定水平仍有难度。为成功实施戒烟干预措施,包括资金和足够的培训在内的支持策略很重要,应加大宣传,落实简短戒烟干预措施和转诊制度的实施,提高戒烟门诊的戒烟药物配备率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate development status of 234 smoking cessation clinics in essential public health projects,and to provide references for implementation improvement on smoking cessation clinics.Methods Tobacco Control Office of the Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention organized the survey.The smoking cessation clinics in project provinces who were running essential public health projects were evaluated by using the " Smoking Cessation Clinic Evaluation Questionnaire",and evaluation data was entered into an Epidata database.SPSS 22.0 software was used for data cleaning.Descriptive statistics,Kruskal-Wallis H non-parametric test,Spearman rank correlation were applied for statistical analysis.Results Most of evaluated smoking cessation clinics met the project requirements.There was no significant difference among the scores of the evaluated smoking cessation clinics in the eastern,central and western regions(P> 0.05).The higher scores came from the hardware,software and settings in evaluated smoking cessation clinics.However,the scores of operation services,participants intervened,response rate of follow-up and other process indicators,as well as the smoking cessation rate at the time point and the smoking reduction rate were relatively lower.The five indicators of smoking cessation clinics as " have a budget", " participate in training of medical staff", " equipped with smoking cessation drugs", " have a referral system",and " propaganda with local media" were positively correlated with the number of archived patients(ρ=0.156,ρ=0.212,ρ=0.295,ρ=0.183,ρ=0.129,all P <0.05).The four indicators of smoking cessation clinics as " have a budget", " participate in training of medical staff", " equipped with smoking cessation drugs", " have a referral system" were positively correlated with the rate of smoking cessation(ρ=0.196,ρ=0.154,ρ=0.261,ρ=0.235,all P <0.05).Conclusion For most smoking cessation clinics being evaluated,its relatively easy to meet the requirement concerning software,hardware,environment settings and etc.,while it’s still difficult to gain a certain level of intervention volume and intervention effect.In order to successfully implement smoking cessation interventions,support strategies including funding and adequate training are important.Publicity should be increased,short cessation interventions and referral systems should be implemented,and smoking cessation clinics should be equipped with more smoking cessation pharmaceuticals.更多还原