【摘要】 为探讨单舍单犊饲养模式对犊牛成活率、腹泻发生率和死亡率的影响,采用回顾性队列研究方法,对两个饲养条件类似牛场2013—2018年的犊牛腹泻资料进行统计学分析。结果显示:采用单舍单犊饲养模式的A场与对照B场的犊牛成活率分别为98.11%(468/477)、70.83%(306/432),OR=0.047(95%CI,0.023～0.093),P=0;犊牛腹泻发病率分别是37.32%(178/477)和50.93%(220/432),OR=1.743(95%CI,1.338～2.271),P=0;腹泻犊牛死亡率分别是1.68%(8/477)和12.73%(55/432),OR=8.553(95%CI,4.024～18.178),P=0;腹泻犊牛病死率分别为4.49%(8/178)和25.00%(55/220),OR=7.083(95%CI,3.273～15.328),P=0。结果表明,单舍单犊饲养模式可显著提高总犊牛成活率,显著降低腹泻发病率、死亡率和病死率(P≤0.01)。本研究为牧场采取相应管理措施提高犊牛成活率提供了依据,也拓宽了牧场的分析性工作方法,从而促进牧场的整体管理,提高经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to identify the effects of the feeding mode of single-pen for each calf on the survival rate,diarrhea incidence and mortality of calves,the information concerning diarrheic calves from two experimental farms with similar conditions during 2013 to 2018 was statistically analyzed by retrospective cohort study. The results showed that,for farm A where the mode of single-pen for each calf was applied and farm B(control),the survival rates of calves were 98.11%(468/477)and 70.83%(306/432)respectively,OR=0.047(95%CI,0.023-0.093),P=0;the incidence rates of diarrhoea were 37.32%(178/477)and 50.93%(220/432),respectively;the mortality rates of diarrheic calves were 1.68%(8/477)and 12.73%(55/432),respectively,OR=8.553(95%CI,4.024-18.178),P=0;and the fatality rates of diarrheic calves were 4.49%(8/178)and 25.00%(55/220),respectively,OR=7.083(95%CI,3.273-15.328),P=0. In conclusion,by the feeding mode of single-pen for each calf,the survival rate could be improved,the incidence rate,mortality rate and fatality rate could be greatly reduced(P ≤ 0.01). Some basis was provided for improvement of the survival rate of calves through corresponding measures by farms,and the analytical methods were also enriched,so as to promote the overall management of farms and to increase their benefits.更多还原