【摘要】 于2016年在锡林郭勒草甸草原设置4个不同放牧强度(禁牧、轻度放牧、中度放牧、重度放牧)试验,探究不同放牧强度对草地群落特征及生产力的影响。研究发现:1)中度放牧下群落植物物种数最多,随放牧强度增加,禾本科牧草的重要值先增加后降低、莎草科等杂类草重要值增加;2)随放牧强度增加植物群落的高度下降,多度和盖度呈先增加后降低的趋势;3)中度放牧增加了群落物种丰富度、多样性、优势度及均匀度;4)随放牧强度增加,群落的地上、地下生物量均呈抛物线变化。轻度放牧下群落生产力最高,中度放牧下群落的多样性最高,重度放牧下群落生产力及多样性都最低。综上所述,中度放牧可使锡林郭勒草甸草原生态系统稳定保持良好状态,也是畜牧业生产发展的合理利用方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2016, four different grazing intensities(no grazing, light grazing, moderate grazing, and heavy grazing) were set up in Xilingol meadow grassland to explore the impact of different grazing intensities on the characteristics and productivity of the grassland community. The results showed in the following contents:(1) The richness of plant species was the highest under moderate grazing condition. The important value of gramineae forage increased first and then decreased with the increase of grazing intensity, while the important value of weeds(i.e., sedge) increased.(2) The height of plant community decreased with the increase of grazing intensity, while the abundance and coverage of plant community increased first and then decreased.(3) The richness, diversity, dominance, and evenness of plant community was increased under moderate grazing condition.(4) With the increase of grazing intensity, both the aboveground and underground biomass of the plant community changed in a parabolic form. The plant community productivity was the highest under light grazing condition, the plant community diversity was the highest under moderate grazing condition, and the community productivity and diversity were the lowest under heavy grazing condition. In summary, the observations in the present study indicated that the sustainable development of Xilingol meadow grassland ecosystem can be better kept under moderate grazing condition, which is also a reasonable utilization method for the development of animal husbandry production.更多还原