【摘要】 注液式在线动平衡是超高速电主轴的主要在线平衡方式之一,为了解决传统的注液式在线平衡终端容腔设计精度不高造成的平衡精度损失问题,计入高速旋转状态下平衡终端容腔内的油气复杂流动状态的影响,建立4种不同截面形状的容腔分析模型,利用FLUENT流体仿真分析手段基于VOF方法实现对平衡终端容腔内流体的三维数值模拟,研究了不同质量液体在不同转速条件下四种容腔内部流体的湍流情况、容腔内液体分布状态以及容腔外壁的合成压力,研究表明:90F形状容腔为最佳截面形状容腔。在充分考虑平衡终端极限运转条件下(最高转速和容腔充满液体),建立容腔外壁的有限元分析模型,实现平衡终端容腔的参数优化,应用3D打印技术制造优化后的平衡终端,在超高速铣削电主轴实验台上进行在线动平衡实验验证。实验结果表明:平衡前后工频幅值下降幅度均超过90%,平衡性能有效提升。更多还原

【Abstract】 Liquid injection on-line dynamic balancing is one of the main on-line balancing methods of ultra-high speed motorized spindle. Here, in order to solve the problem of balance precision loss caused by low design precision of traditional liquid injection on-line balancing terminal cavity, considering effects of complex oil-gas flow state in balancing terminal cavity under high-speed rotating state, four cavity analysis models with different cross-section shapes were established. The fluid simulation analysis software FLUENT was used to realize 3-D numerical simulation for fluid in balancing terminal cavity based on VOF method. Turbulent flow, liquid distribution and combined pressure of cavity outer wall for liquids with different mass densities in the 4 cavities under the condition of different rotating speeds were studied. The study showed that the 90 F shape cavity is the best cross-section shape cavity. The finite element analysis model for the outer wall of balancing terminal cavity was established to optimize parameters of balancing terminal cavity under extreme conditions of the highest rotating speed and cavity fully filled by liquid. The 3-D printing technology was used to manufacture the optimized balancing terminal, and online dynamic balancing tests were conducted on an ultra-high speed milling motorized spindle test platform. The test results showed that the terminal unbalance amplitude under the operating frequency drops by more than 90% before and after balancing to effectively improve balancing performance.更多还原