【摘要】 目的筛查社区脑卒中高危患者,分析其危险因素,为有效防控脑卒中提供依据。方法对我市某社区≥40岁以上的居民进行筛查,进行问卷调查以及体格检查,分析脑卒中危险因素。结果本次共筛查3864例,共筛查出脑卒中高危患者646例,占16.72%;男性395例,占61.15%,女性251例,占38.85%,男性脑卒中高危患者比例显著高于女性,差异有显著性(P <0.05)。本次筛查出脑卒中患者94例,占2.43%,TIA患者19例,占4.92%。本组高危人群中,缺少运动、高血压、超重、吸烟、高血脂、糖尿病等是主要的高危因素,分别占89.47%、56.81%、38.85%、36.38%、32.04%、30.03%。颈动脉超声检查结果显示,本组646例高危人群中内膜增厚361例,占55.88%,颈动脉斑块213例,占32.97%,颈动脉狭窄39例,占6.04%。结论某社区脑卒中高危人群危险因素暴露水平较高,应积极相应措施,加强健康教育,提倡建立健康生活方式及戒烟,有效的控制体质量和血压,以减少脑卒中的发病率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To screen high-risk stroke patients in community and analyze their risk factors, so as to provide evidence for effective prevention and control of stroke. Methods The residents over 40 years old in a community in our city were screened, questionnaires and physical examination were conducted, and the risk factors of stroke were analyzed. Results A total of 3864 cases were screened out, 646 high-risk stroke patients were screened out, accounting for 16.72%; 395 men(61.15%) and 251 women(38.85%). The proportion of high-risk stroke patients in men was significantly higher than that in women(P <0.05). Ninety-four patients(2.43%) and 19 patients(4.92%) with TIA were screened out. Among the high-risk groups, lack of exercise, hypertension, overweight, smoking, hyperlipidemia and diabetes were the main risk factors, accounting for 89.47%, 56.81%, 38.85%, 36.38%, 32.04% and 30.03% respectively. The results of carotid ultrasonography showed that 361 cases(55.88%) had intimal thickening, 213 cases(32.97%) had carotid plaque and 39 cases(6.04%) had carotid stenosis. Conclusion The exposure level of risk factors in high-risk population of stroke in a community is high. We should take active measures to strengthen health education, promote healthy lifestyle and quit smoking, effectively control body weight and blood pressure, so as to reduce the incidence of stroke.更多还原