【摘要】 目的分析2011—2015年我国中老年人群高血压患病水平及知晓、治疗和控制情况。方法调查对象来自中国健康与养老追踪调查数据库,分别整理2011、2013年和2015年三次调查高血压相关数据,采用StataMP14和SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2011、2013年和2015年分别纳入11 562、11 068和13 271名45岁及以上研究对象。三次调查高血压患病率分别为39.2%、42.6%、39.5%;知晓率分别为64.2%、68.7%、89.3%;治疗率分别为49.1%、52.4%、61.0%;控制率分别为20.1%、21.6%、27.8%。患病率变化趋势不明显(P=0.86),知晓率、治疗率和控制率有上升趋势(P <0.01)。2011、2015年东部、中部、西部患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.01),城镇高于农村(P <0.01),患病率随年龄增长而增加(P <0.01)。2011年农村女性高血压患病率高于男性(P <0.01),2015年城镇男性高血压患病率高于女性(P=0.01)。高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率在东部、中部、西部各率依次降低,城镇高于农村,女性高于男性,≥75岁组和45～55岁组"三率"相对较低(P <0.05)。结论我国中老年人群高血压患病率较高,知晓率、治疗率、控制率均有升高趋势,各率均存在地区、城乡、年龄和性别差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among middle-aged and elderly people in China from 2011 to 2015. Methods The respondents were from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database, the hypertension related data of the three surveys in 2011, 2013 and 2015 were collected respectively. Stata MP14 and SPSS 26.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results In 2011, 2013 and 2015, 11 562, 11 068,and 13 271 subjects aged 45 years and above were enrolled respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertension were 39.2%, 42.6% and 39.5%, the awareness rates were 64.2%, 68.7%, and 89.3%, the treatment rates were 49.1%, 52.4%,and 61.0%, while the control rates were 20.1%, 21.6%, and 27.8%, respectively. The prevalence rate did not change significantly(P = 0.86), and the awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate all had an upward trend(P < 0.01). In 2011 and 2015, the prevalence rates of eastern, central, and western regions were compared with statistical significance(P < 0.01). The prevalence in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas(P < 0.01), and the prevalence increased with age(P < 0.01). In 2011, the prevalence of hypertension in rural women was higher than that in men(P < 0.01),while in 2015, the prevalence of hypertension in urban men was higher than that in women(P = 0.01). The awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate of hypertension decreased in the eastern, central, and western regions in turn. The rates in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas, and women were higher than men, while the “three rates”were relatively low in the ≥75 years old group and the 45-55 years old group(P < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension among middle-aged and elderly people in China appeared high. The awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate all showed an increasing trend. There were regional, urban-rural, age and gender differences in each rate.更多还原