【摘要】 钾离子电容器（PICs）是与锂离子电容器和钠离子电容器相比极具竞争力和发展前景的一种储能设备。PICs结合了电池式阳极和电容式阴极的优点,具有成本低、能量密度高、功率密度高、循环寿命长等优点。然而,在PICs中一直存在正负极比容量和动力学不匹配的问题。前期研究证明,合理选择电极材料并对其进行优化是解决这一问题的有效手段之一。本文对PICs阳极材料的研究进展进行了综述,主要包括插入型负极材料和转换型负极材料。主要讨论了炭材料（石墨、软炭、硬炭等）、KTO、MXenes、K₂TP等插入型材料和金属硫化物/硒化物、金属磷化物、NASICON型磷酸盐等转化型材料。对半电池和PICs中不同电极的制备方法、结构特点和电化学性能进行总结,并进一步展望了PICs未来的发展机遇和挑战。更多还原

【Abstract】 Potassium-ion capacitors(PICs) are promising energy storage devices, which are competitive with lithium-ion and sodium ion capacitors. PICs combine the advantages of a battery-type anode and a capacitive cathode, resulting in a low cost, high energy density, high power density and long cycle life. However, there is still a mismatch between the anode and cathode materials for achieving the optimum specific capacity and kinetics in PICs. Early studies have shown that the careful selection of electrode materials and their optimization is an effective way to solve this problem. We focus on the development of PIC anode materials including insertion-type and conversion-type materials. The insertion-type materials include carbon materials(graphite, soft carbons, hard carbons, etc.), K-based titanates, MXenes, and dipotassium terephthalate. The conversion-type materials include metal sulfides/selenides, metal phosphides and sodium super ionic conductor-type phosphates(NASICON). Their preparation, structural characteristics,electrochemical performance as anode materials in half-cell and PIC devices are summarized and discussed. The future prospects and challenges of PICs are also considered.更多还原