【摘要】 【目的】在全球变化背景下,老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus L.)作为我国一种重要的饲草品种,正面临着严峻的形势,通过对其种质资源表型形状的观测分析,能够探索老芒麦表型性状多样性及变异规律,揭示气候因子对表型性状的影响,为老芒麦植物育种工作提供重要的理论基础。【方法】本研究基于新疆、西藏和青海3省的59份老芒麦种质资源表型性状观测资料,运行数学统计的方法对各性状的变异性、多样性、相关性及聚类情况进行分析。【结果】(1)质量性状和数性状的遗传多样性指数在群体间的变化范围分别为0～1.07和0.90～2.04,数量性状比质量性状存在更大的变异;群体内和群体间的变异系数范围分别为2.69～31.64和12.42～61.47,群体内变异系数小于群体间。(2)气候因素对老芒麦生长过程有一定影响,且主要影响叶部长度、穗柄长、穗轴第一节间长和外稃长。(3)通过聚类与隶属函数分析筛选出14份具有优质性状的种质材料,其中6份种质材料穗部性状优良,千粒重、小穗数及小花数均较高;3份种质材料茎秆较粗、株高适中;5份种质材料叶层高度较低,叶量较多。【结论】老芒麦具有丰富的表型变异性和多样性,变异主要来自于叶部长度、穗柄长和穗轴第一节间长,且受到气候因素的影响;其次不同的种质材料具有不同的优良性状,个别种质材料同时具有多个优良性状。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 In the context of global change, as an important forage species in China, Elymus sibiricus is facing a severe situation.Through the observation and analysis of the phenotypic character of germplasm resources, it is possible to explore the phenotypic diversity and variation of E.sibiricus,and reveal the influence of climate factors on phenotypic character.This will provide an important theoretical basis for the breeding of E.sibiricus.【Method】The present study was based on the phenotypic character observation data of 59 E.sibiricus germplasm resources in Xinjiang, Tibet and Qinghai provinces, and the method of mathematical statistics was used to analyze the variability, diversity, correlation and clustering of each character.【Result】(i) The genetic diversity index of qualitative and quantitative traits varied between 0-1.07 and 0.9-2.04,respectively.Quantitative traits have greater variation than qualitative traits.Variation coefficients within and between groups are 2.69-31.64 and 12.42-61.47,and the coefficient of variation within groups are smaller than that between groups.(ii) Climatic factors have a certain influence on the growth process of E.sibiricus,and mainly affect leaf length, spike-stalk length, first internode length of cob and lemma length.(iii) Through clustering and membership function analysis, 14 germplasm materials with high-quality traits were screened out, of which 6 germplasm materials had excellent ear traits, with high thousand-grain weight, spikelet number and number of florets; 3 germplasm materials had thick stems and moderate plant height; and 5 germplasm materials have lower leaf layer height and more leaf volume.【Conclusion】E.sibiricus has rich phenotypic variability and diversity.The variation mainly comes from leaf length, spike-stalk length and first internode length of cob, and is affected by climate factors.Secondly, different germplasm materials have different excellent properties, and individual germplasm materials have multiple excellent properties at the same time.更多还原