【摘要】 【目的】以"海斯薯"为试验材料,通过田间试验,研究不同外源钙肥对马铃薯产量和块茎贮藏期间品质的影响。【方法】在苗期马铃薯以滴灌方式增施硝酸钙(A)和有机钙(B),施用量分别为400 g/hm~2(A1、B1),1200 g/hm~2(A2、B2),2000 g/hm~2(A3、B3),2800 g/hm~2(A4、B4),以不施钙为对照(CK)。【结果】与对照相比,硝酸钙和有机钙的A3、B3处理分别增产52.28%和79.54%,单株结薯数和单株薯重分别提高16.20%、61.39%和53.06%、79.59%。两种钙肥均提高了大薯率和商品薯率。施用有机钙的B2、B3处理,贮藏期马铃薯块茎还原糖含量显著低于对照。贮藏45 d,硝酸钙的A2,A3处理和有机钙的B2,B3处理,块茎粗蛋白含量分别较对照增加了11.30%、21.47%和37.85%、35.03%。贮藏90 d,不同钙肥处理,块茎粗蛋白含量都高于对照;硝酸钙和有机钙A3,B3处理,块茎干物质含量较对照增加了5.50%和15.76%;硝酸钙的A2,A3处理和有机钙的B2,B3处理,块茎硬度分别高于对照22.04%、11.14%和2.63%、20.94%。贮藏135 d,不同钙肥处理,块茎粗蛋白含量都高于对照;施用硝酸钙的A3处理和有机钙的B3处理,块茎淀粉含量分别较对照增加了24.50%和30.66%;有机钙的B3处理,块茎硬度最高,较对照增加了1.27%。【结论】两种钙肥均促进了产量的增加,改善了块茎的贮藏品质,以有机钙用量为1200～2000 g/hm~2处理,更利于提高产量和块茎贮藏品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】In the present work, potato cultivar ‘Hermes’ was used as the plant material to investigate the effects of different calcium fertilizers on yield and the quality of potato tubers during storage based on field experiment.【Method】Calcium nitrate(A) and organic calcium of BRANDT Co.,Ltd.(B) were applied to potatoplants at the seedling stage by drip irrigation, and the application amount was 400 g/hm~2(A1,B1),1200 g/hm~2(A2,B2),and 2000 g/hm~2(A3,B3),2800 g/hm~2(A4,B4),respectively, with no calcium fertilizer applied as the control(CK).【Result】Compared with the CK,the A3 and B3 treatments of calcium nitrate and organic calcium increased the yield by 52.28% and 79.54%,and the number of tubers per plant and the weight of tubers per plant increased by 16.20%,61.39% and 53.06%,79.59%,respectively.Both calcium fertilizers increased the rate of large potatoes and commercial potatoes.The reducing sugar content of potato tubers was significantly lower than that of CK during the storage period under B2 and B3 treatments.After storage for 45 days, the crude protein content of tubers increased by 11.30%,21.47% and 37.85%,35.03% respectively compared with the CK under A2,A3 treatments of calcium nitrate and B2,B3 treatments of organic calcium.After storage for 90 days, the crude protein content of tubers was higher than that of the CK under different calcium fertilizer treatments; Tuber dry matter content increased 5.50% and 15.76% compared with the CK under A3,B3 treatment of calcium nitrate and organic calcium; Tuber hardness was 22.04%,11.14% and 2.63%,20.94% higher than the CK under A2,A3 treatment of calcium nitrate and B2,B3 treatment of organic calcium.After 135 days of storage, the crude protein content of tubers was higher than the CK under different calcium fertilizer treatments; the starch content of tubers was increased by 24.50% and 30.66% respectively compared with the CK under the A3 treatment with calcium nitrate and the B3 treatment with organic calcium; it showed the highest tuber hardness by 1.27% increase compared with the CK under B3 treatment with organic calcium; 【Conclusion】In summary, the two calcium fertilizers both promoted the increase in yield and improved the storage quality of tubers.Treatment with an organic calcium dosage of 1200-2000 g/hm~2 is more conducive to improving yield and tuber storage quality.更多还原