【摘要】 【目的】探索5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL易位染色体在来自简单杂交川麦42×川麦55的高代重组自交系（RILs）中对染色体及农艺性状的影响,以期为这对相互易位染色体在育种和生产中的应用提供指导。【方法】利用基于寡核苷酸探针Oligo-pSc119.2-1、Oligo-pTa535-1和Oligo-（GAA）₇的ND-FISH技术,对200份F₆RILs进行分析,以探明染色体变异情况。【结果】细胞学鉴定的142个纯合株系包括4种类型:1B和5B/7B（43份）、1RS·1BL和5B/7B（30份）、1B和5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL（35份）、1RS·1BL和5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL（32份）,且它们在株高、分蘖、小穗和千粒重上没有差异。17y456和17y588两份自交系是含染色体结构变异且高抗条锈病的新材料,其中17y456聚合了1RS·1BL、5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL、3BS·5AS/3BL·5AL,17y588含有5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL和4D^Changed染色体。【结论】5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL易位染色体对株高、分蘖、小穗和千粒重无负作用,这为育种家在应用易位系进行品种改良提供了指导意义。利用5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL易位染色体进行简单有性杂交能够容易获得染色体结构变异新材料,为今后小麦育种及种质创新提供了新的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】The 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL reciprocal translocation chromosomes was rarely reported in Sichuan cultivars.The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL translocation on chromosomes and agronomic traits in the recombinant inbred lines（RILs）derived from a simple hybrid Chuanmai 42×Chuanmai 55,with a view to providing guidance for the application of the reciprocaltranslocation chromosomes in breeding and production.【Method】In order to explore the chromosome structural variation, 200 F₆RILs were analyzed by ND-FISH with oligonucleotide probes Oligo-pSc119.2-1,Oligo-pTa535-1 and Oligo-（GAA）₇.【Result】It was found that 142 homozygous RILs identified by ND-FISH included four types: 1 B and 5B/7B（43）,1 RS·1 BL and 5B/7B（30）,1 B and 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL（35）,1 RS·1 BL and 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL（32）,and there were no differences in height, tiller, spikelet and 1000-grain weight among the four types.Two inbred lines, 17 y456 and 17 y588,were new materials with chromosome structural variation and high resistance to stripe rust, in which 17 y456 possessed 1 RS·1 BL,5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL,3 BS·5 AS/3 BL·5 ALtranslocation chromosomes while 17 y588 contained 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL and 4 D^Changedchromosomes.【Conclusion】5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL had no negative effects on height, tiller, spikelet and 1000-grain weight, which provided guidance for breeders in the application of the reciprocal translocation.5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL translocation chromosomesused for simple sexual hybridization, can easily obtain new materials with chromosome structural variation.It will provide a new direction for wheat breeding and germplasm innovation in the future.更多还原