【摘要】 适宜的品种和收获时期是燕麦饲草高产和高品质的关键因素.研究了国内外20个主要饲用燕麦品种（7个裸燕麦Avena nuda L,13个皮燕麦Avena sativa L）在河北坝上地区连续种植三个生长季（2017～2019）不同生育期饲草产量的变化规律,同时比较了不同生育期燕麦的饲草品质.结果表明:（1）从孕穗期、抽穗期、开花期、乳熟期到完熟期,20个燕麦品种饲草产量（地上生物量干重）都在逐渐增加,在完熟期达到最大值.品种坝莜18号、远杂1号、GL381饲草产量在成熟期超过12 t ha^-1.（2）随着生育期从孕穗期到完熟期,粗蛋白含量和代谢能逐渐下降,相对饲用价值先降低后增加,拐点出现在开花期或乳熟期.综合粗蛋白含量、相对饲用价值、代谢能三个品质指标,白燕9号、青引2号、陇燕3号和KONA的饲草品质较高.（3）随着生育期从孕穗期到完熟期,饲草品质产量指标粗蛋白产量、相对饲用价值产量和代谢能产量都在逐渐增加,在完熟期达到最大值,坝莜18号、远杂1号、GL381和Haywire最高.因此,建议在河北坝上及周边相似气候区种植饲草用燕麦时,根据最大生物量和最大饲草品质产量选择适宜的品种,推荐坝莜18号、远杂1号和GL381.更多还原

【Abstract】 Both cultivar and harvest growing stage were the two keys to high oatforage production and high quality. In the present study, 20 cultivars including 7Avena nudaL and 13Avena sativa L were planted in Bashang region, Hebei province, China. The dry matter of biomass and forage quality were measured in the oat growing stage of booting, heading, flowering, milk and mature. The productions of forage quality were also calculated. The results showed that the dry matter of biomass increased with oat growing stage from booting to mature stage, and cultivar Bayou No.18,Yuanza No.1 and GL381, had the highest forage production exceeding 12 t ha^-1 in the mature stage, that crude protein（%） and metabolizable energy(MJ kg^-1) decreased with growing stage from booting to mature, while the trend of relative feed value decreased at first and then increased slowly, and cultivar Baiyan No.9, Qingyin No.2, Longyan No.3 and KONA had higher forage quality, and that the productions of crude protein(t ha^-1), relative feed value(t ha^-1) and metabolizable energy(MJ ha^-1) all increased with growing stage from booting to mature, and the cultivar Bayou No. 18, Yuanza No.1 GL381 and Haywire had higher production for forage quality. These results suggested that Bayou No.18, Yuanza No.1 and GL381 were the optimum oat cultivars in the study area and similar climate regions based on the higher forage production and higher forage quality production.更多还原