【摘要】 为了探明适应于冀北坝上地区种植荞麦品种的高产性和适应性,以4个苦荞麦和2个甜荞麦品种为试验材料,连续5年进行定点高产试验,研究6个荞麦品种的产量、主要经济性状和区域适应能力。结果表明:参加试验的6个荞麦品种抗逆性均极强,耐旱、耐瘠薄、喜水肥,产量较为稳定;‘美国甜荞麦’是最适宜冀北种植的甜荞品种,产量1078.5 kg/hm~2左右,其次为‘日本大粒’970.5 kg/hm~2,甜荞麦需辅助授粉提高产量;‘冀苦荞2号’是最适宜冀北种植的苦荞麦品种,产量在2745 kg/hm~2左右,其次为‘冀苦荞1号’2442.0 kg/hm~2和‘川荞1号’2395.5 kg/hm~2;甜荞麦生育期短,是较好的备荒作物,在冀北地区不适宜过早播种;中熟苦荞麦品种在冀北有特殊适应性,‘黑丰1号’因生育期较长,肥力较好的地块易徒长、不结实,种植风险较大。本试验结果得出结论:改进栽培措施可以进一步提高甜荞麦产量,苦荞麦同甜荞麦一样在冀北有更好的适应性。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the fertility and adaptability of main application buckwheat varieties in Bashang area of northern Hebei, 4 tartary buckwheat varieties and 2 common buckwheat varieties were used as materials to study for 5 consecutive years. The results showed that all the 6 buckwheat varieties were considered to have good resistance(to drought and barren), water and fertilizer tolerance, and relatively stable yield.‘American common buckwheat’was considered to be the most suitable variety of common buckwheat for planting in northern Hebei, with the yield of about 1078.5 kg/hm~2, followed by‘Japanese big grain’about 970.5 kg/hm~2,and common buckwheat required supplementary pollination for yield increase. ‘Jikuqiao No. 2’ was considered to be the most suitable variety of tartary buckwheat for planting in northern Hebei, with the yield of about 2745 kg/hm~2, followed by‘Jikuqiao No. 1’ about 2442.0 kg/hm~2 and‘Chuanqiao No. 1’about 2395.5 kg/hm~2. It can be concluded that the common buckwheat should be used as a reserve crop because of its short growth period, and it is not suitable for early sowing in northern Hebei. The medium ripe tartary buckwheat variety has special adaptability in northern Hebei, with the relatively long growth period,‘Heifeng No.1’has high planting risk in better fertility soil. In general, the improvement of cultivation measures could increase the yield of common buckwheat, and both tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat have better adaptability in northern Hebei.更多还原