【摘要】 目的:研究腘窝囊肿破裂彩超特点并分析相关因素对其影响。方法:回顾性分析15例经MRI证实的腘窝囊肿破裂患者(破裂组)临床资料及彩超图像,同时随机选取同期64例腘窝囊肿无破裂的患者作为对照组,计量资料采取t检验,计数资料采取Mann—Whitney U和WilcoxonW检验分析包括年龄、性别、单双侧、左右侧、是否合并其他膝关节病变、膝关节病变类型等因素对该病的影响。结果:破裂组年龄70～89岁,平均(61.0±16.0)岁,对照组年龄36～95岁,平均(70.7±12.2)岁;破裂组、对照组性别分别男8例(53.33%)、21例(32.81%),女7例(46.66%)、43例(67.18%);破裂组、对照组分别单侧14例(93.33%)、52例(81.25%),双侧1例(6.66%)、12例(18.75%);破裂组、对照组单侧病例中分别右侧12例(85.71%)、27例(51.92%),左侧2例(14.28%)、25例(48.07%);破裂组合并膝关节疾病10例(66.66%),其中类风湿性关节炎6例(60%),骨性关节炎3例(30%),对照组合并膝关节疾病12例(18.75%),其中类风湿性关节炎1例(8.33%),骨性关节炎7例(58.33%)。两组性别、单双侧差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),年龄、左右侧、是否合并其它膝关节病变及膝关节病变类型差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。彩超特征性声像图表现为腘窝内侧向下或向上延伸至软组织间隙的混合回声包块,于腘窝处见包块通过半膜肌与腓肠肌内侧头之间囊性区域与膝关节腔呈蒂状结构相连,无完整包膜,内部多无血流信号。结论:腘窝囊肿破裂无明显性别和单双侧差别,好发于老年人,常合并膝关节疾病,其中以类风湿性关节炎最为常见,彩超为其首选检查方法,可对该病作出明确诊断。更多还原

【Abstract】 Purpose:To study color ultrasound characteristics of the rupture of popliteal cyst and analyze the impact of related factors on them. Methods:The clinical information and color ultrasound images for 15 cases with the rupture of popliteal cyst(rupture group) confirmed by MRI were retrospectively reviewed. 64 cases at the same term with no rupture of the popliteal cyst were randomly recruited as the control group. T-test was adopted for the analysis of the measurement data, and Mann-Whitney U and WilcoxonW were used to analyze the categorical data. We evaluated the effects of different factors to the rupture of popliteal cyst, i.e. age, gender, unilateral and bilateral factor, left and right lateral factor, the combination with other pathological changes of the knee joints, and the type of these knee lesions. Results:The age of rupture group was between 70 and 89 years old, with a mean of(61.0±16.0) years old; and the age of control group was between 36 and 95 years old, with a mean of(70.7±12.2) years old. The rupture group and the control group respectively had 8(53.33%) and 21(32.81%) males, as well as 7(46.66%) and 43(67.18%) females. There were 4(93.33%) and 52 unilateral cases(81.25%), and 1(6.66%) and 12 bilateral cases(18.75%), respectively in the rupture group and the control group. Among the unilateral cases, 12 cases(85.71% for the rupture group) and 27 cases(51.92% for the control group) were on the right side, while 2 cases(14.28% for the rupture group) and 25 cases(48.07% for the control group) were on the left side. There were 10 cases(66.66%) combined with knee joint disease in the rupture group, including 6 cases(60%) with rheumatoid arthritis, 3 cases(30%) with osteoarthritis. Meanwhile, there were 12 cases(18.75%) with knee joint disease in the control group, including 1 case(8.33%) with rheumatoid arthritis, 7 cases(58.33%) with osteoarthritis. There was no significant difference(P>0.05) between the two groups with gender factor or unilateral and bilateral factor. Significant differences(P<0.05) were obtained between the two groups with the factors of age, left or right side, and the combination of knee joint lesions as well as the type of knee joint lesion. The color ultrasound characteristic of the rupture of popliteal cyst demonstrated a mixed echogenic mass extending downward or upward from the medial popliteal fossa to the soft tissue space. At the popliteal fossa, the mass is connected to the knee joint cavity through the cystic region between the semimembranous muscle and the medial head of the gastrocnemius, no complete envelope, and most of the masses have no blood flow signals inside. Conclusion:The rupture of the popliteal cyst has no obvious differences with gender or unilateral and bilateral factors. It mainly affects in the elderly people, and it is often combined with other knee joint diseases. Among them, rheumatoid arthritis is the most common complication, and color ultrasound is the first choice for examination, which can make a clear diagnosis.更多还原