【摘要】 背景:细胞外基质及其组成成分构成的贴片、粉末和水凝胶等材料已作为支架,与多种干细胞及其衍生细胞一起被用于构建仿生工程心肌组织。目的:综述基于细胞外基质的仿生工程心肌构建的研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索Web of Science Core Collection数据库、PubMed数据库中的相关文献,英文检索词为"the extracellular matrix;engineered cardiac tissue;cardiomyocyte;biomimetic;stem cells",最终纳入64篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:与传统的人工合成材料相比,细胞外基质具有良好的生物相容性与细胞亲和力,可为种子细胞提供最接近生物体内的环境,有利于种子细胞的生长、分化与成熟。大量研究证据表明,基于细胞外基质和干细胞的仿生工程心肌具有与天然心肌组织相似的兴奋性、收缩性和传导性等特点,能修复受损心肌、重塑微循环系统,有效改善心功能,具有治疗心肌梗死等心血管疾病的潜力。但基于细胞外基质构建的仿生工程心肌还存在脱细胞过程中结构破坏、种子细胞形态和功能发育相对迟缓等问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 BACKGROUND: Patches, powders and hydrogels fabricated from extracellular matrix and its components can be used as scaffolds, along with a variety of stem cells and their derivatives, to construct biomimetic engineered cardiac tissue.OBJECTIVE: To review research progress in construction of biomimetic engineered cardiac tissue based on extracellular matrix. METHODS: We searched the articles in Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed databases with the key words of "the extracellular matrix; engineered cardiac tissue; cardiomyocyte; biomimetic; stem cell" in English. Eventually 64 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the traditional synthetic materials, the extracellular matrix has good biocompatibility and cell affinity, which can provide seed cells with the closest living environment, and is conducive to the growth, differentiation and maturation of seed cells. A great number of research evidences suggest that the biomimetic engineered cardiac tissue based on extracellular matrix and stem cells has the characteristics of excitability, contractility and conductivity similar to the natural myocardial tissue. It also can repair the damaged myocardium, reshape the microvascular system and effectively improve cardiac function, showing the potential to treat cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction. However, there are still some problems in the construction of biomimetic engineered cardiac tissue based on extracellular matrix, such as the structural damage during decellularization, the relatively slow development of seed cell morphology and function.更多还原