【摘要】 背景:有研究发现不同强度体力活动对不同性别肥胖或者超重人群的脂肪成分改善程度存在差异。目的:分析在校大学生日常体力活动、脂肪分布特点,探究体力活动量与脂肪分布的相关性。方法:随机抽样的方法选取广西某高校就读大学生1 875名,采用国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)(中文版)搜集其近1周来的体力活动数据,采用体成分测量仪测量其脂肪参数。按体脂率大小将男、女大学生各分为3组,男大学生:体脂率≤10%、11%-21%、≥22%;女大学生:体脂率≤20%、21%-34%、≥35%。采用sPss 23.0进行数据的处理和分析。研究方案的实施符合广西医科大学的相关伦理要求,参与者对试验过程完全知情同意。结果与结论:(1)脂肪含量:男大学生总脂肪量>皮下脂肪含量>躯干脂肪量>下肢脂肪量>内脏脂肪含量>上肢脂肪量;女大学生总脂肪量>皮下脂肪含量>躯干脂肪量>下肢脂肪量>上肢脂肪量>内脏脂肪含量;(2)体力活动方面:大学生低强度体力活动量>中强度体力活动量>高强度体力活动量;(3)体脂率水平:男大学生低强度体力活动量、中强度体力活动量、总体力活动量:<10%组大于11%-21%组大于≥22%组(均P<0.05),高强度体力活动量:<10%组大于11%-21%组和≥22%组(均P<0.05);女大学生低强度体力活动量、中强度体力活动量:<20%组大于21%-34%组和≥35%组(均P<0.05),高强度体力活动量、总体力活动量:<20%组大于21%-34%组大于≥35%组(均P<0.05);(4)相关分析:男大学生总脂肪量、内脏脂肪含量、躯干脂肪量、下肢脂肪量与低强度体力活动量呈显著负相关(均r<0,均P<0.05),其他脂肪参数与中强度体力活动量、高强度体力活动量、总体力活动量呈显著负相关(均r<0,均P<0.05),女大学生内脏脂肪含量与高强度体力活动量呈显著负相关(均r<0,均P<0.01),躯干脂肪量与高强度体力活动量、总体力活动量呈显著负相关(均r<0,均P<0.01),其他脂肪参数与低强度体力活动量、中强度体力活动量、高强度体力活动量、总体力活动量呈显著负相关(均r<0,均P<0.05);(5)结果说明,大学生体力活动量、脂肪分布存在性别差异,体力活动活跃人群体脂率较低;各强度体力活动量增加有利于机体脂肪减少;男大学生皮下脂肪含量、上肢脂肪量主要受到中强度体力活动量、高强度体力活动量影响,女大学生内脏脂肪含量、躯干脂肪量主要受高强度体力活动量影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 BACKGROUND:Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. In recent years, the obesity rate of college students in my country has been on the rise. Undergraduates are under great academic pressure and have little exercise time, and their obesity needs attention from the society.Studies have found that different intensities of physical activities improve fat composition of obese or overweight people of different sexes to different extent.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of daily physical activity and fat distribution in college students, and to explore the correlation between physical activity and fat distribution.METHODS: In total, 1 875 college students from a college of Guangxi were randomly selected using random sampling method. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ)(Chinese version) to collect their physical activity data for the past week, and a body composition measuring instrument was used to measure their fat parameter. Male and female college students were divided into three groups according to body fat rate. Male college students: ≤ 10%, 11%-21%, ≥ 22%; female college students: ≤ 20%, 21%-34%, ≥ 35%. SPSS 23.0 was used for data processing and analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Fat mass: In male college students, total fat mass > subcutaneous fat mass > trunk fat mass > lower limb fat mass > visceral fat mass > upper limb fat mass; in female college students, total fat mass > subcutaneous fat mass > trunk fat mass > lower limb fat mass > upper limb fat mass > visceral fat mass.(2) Physical activity: in college students, low-intensity physical activity > medium-intensity physical activity > high-intensity physical activity.(3) Body fat rate: In male college students, low-intensity, medium-intensity and total physical activity were highest in the < 10% group, followed by 11%-21% group and ≥ 22% group in turn(all P < 0.05), and the high-intensity physical activity in the < 10% group was higher than that in the 11%-21% group and ≥22% group(all P < 0.05). In female college students, low-intensity and medium-intensity physical activity in the < 20% group was higher than that in the 21%-34% group and ≥ 35% group(all P < 0.05), and the high-intensity and total physical activity was highest in the < 20% group, followed by 21%-34% group and ≥ 35% group in turn(all P < 0.05).(4) Correlation analysis: In male college students, low-intensity physical activity was significantly negatively correlated with total fat mass, visceral fat content, trunk fat mass, and lower limb fat mass(all r < 0, all P < 0.05), and other fat parameters were significantly negatively correlated with mediumintensity, high-intensity and total physical activity(all r < 0, all P < 0.05). In female college students, visceral fat mass was significantly negatively correlated with high-intensity physical activity(r < 0, P < 0.01), and trunk fat mass was significantly negatively correlated with high-intensity physical activity and total physical activity(both r < 0, both P < 0.01), and other fat parameters were significantly negatively correlated with low-intensity physical activity, medium-intensity physical activity, high-intensity physical activity, and total physical activity(all r < 0, all P < 0.05). To conclude, there are sex differences in physical activity and fat distribution among college students, and the fat rate of the group with active physical activity is low. The increase in physical activity of various strengths is beneficial to the reduction of body fat. In male college students, subcutaneous fat mass and upper limb fat mass are mainly affected by medium-intensity and high-intensity physical activity, and in female college students, visceral fat mass and trunk fat mass are mainly affected by high-intensity physical activity.更多还原