【摘要】 研究旨在探讨不同磷肥品种对玉米生长发育和土壤无机磷组分的影响,以期为磷肥高效利用提供参考。采用盆栽试验,设置6个处理:磷酸一铵（MAP）、过磷酸钙（SSP）、聚磷酸铵（APP）、氮磷复合肥硝酸磷肥（NiP）、硫酸铵+过磷酸钙混施（SA+P）,试验60天后测定了玉米的生物学指标和玉米植株磷素含量,同时测定了土壤有效磷与土壤无机磷组分含量状况。结果表明:玉米生物学性状、磷素累积量和磷肥利用效率均表现出APP>MAP、NiP>SSP、SA+P>CK的趋势。相较于对照,APP、MAP、NiP处理显著提高玉米植株的株高、叶面积、地上部和根系干重,株高增幅在23.3～35.1 cm,叶面积增加57.1～89.0 cm²,地上部和根系干重分别增加265%～420%和171%～218%。APP处理植株磷素累积量达到49.02 mg/盆,磷肥利用效率达到36.75%,显著高于NiP和MAP的21.43%和19.42%。相较于对照,APP和MAP处理的Ca₂—P、Ca₈—P和Fe—P呈显著性增加,上述3种无机磷组分含量与玉米植株磷累积量呈极显著正相关关系（p<0.001）。北方石灰性土壤聚磷酸铵（APP）是一种表现良好的磷肥类型,这对减磷增效背景下的粮食安全和磷肥高效利用有重要应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 High fixation and low shifting ability of phosphorus in calcareous soil often caused low use efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer in North China. This study examined the effect of different kinds of phosphorus fertilizer on maize growth and soil inorganic fractions in order to improve the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer. Pot experiment was carried out with 6 treatments of monammonium phosphate（MAP）, superphosphate（SSP）, ammonium polyphosphate（APP）, nitrophosphate（NiP） and ammonia sulfate+superphosphate（SA+P）. The biological characteristics and phosphorus uptake of maize were measured after 60 days, soil available phosphorus contents and inorganic fractions were measured as well. The results showed that biological performance, phosphorus accumulation and phosphorus use efficiency of maize performed as the trend of APP>MAP, NiP>SSP, SA+P>CK; APP, MAP and NiP significantly increased maize height, leaf area, ground and root biomass compared with the control（CK） by 23.3～35.1 cm, 57.1～89.0 cm², 265%～420% and 171%～218%, respectively. Maize in APP treatment accumulated P 49.02 mg/pot in total with 36.75% of phosphorus recovery efficiency, which significantly different from 21.43% of NiP and 19.42% of MAP. Ca₂—P、Ca₈—P and Fe—P contents significantly increased in APP and MAP treatments compared with the control, which had significant relationships with plant uptake（p<0.001）. APP is a kind of suitable phosphorus fertilizer for maize in calcareous soils, which is important for securing food safety and achieving high phosphorus use efficiency under background of reducing phosphorus fertilizer input in farmland.更多还原