【摘要】 为了探究区域间粮食安全和水资源高效管理的科学方法,揭示京津冀地区居民食物消费变化趋势及其对食物虚拟水产生的影响,基于虚拟水的理论和方法,选择人、水矛盾突出的京津冀地区,量化分析了2000—2018年居民口粮、蔬菜和鱼肉蛋3类食物消费的变化特征,探索食物消费变化对虚拟水的影响.结果表明:从食物消费角度看,京津冀地区食物消费总量为5 431.3 kg/a,其中,口粮、蔬菜和鱼肉蛋消费总量分别为2 387.5、2 171.4和872.5 kg/a.植物性食物消费比重由2000年的87.6%下降到2018年的80.2%,动物性食物消费比重由2000年的12.4%增加到2018年的19.8%.从虚拟水消费角度看,北京、天津和河北三地的年均食物虚拟水消费量分别为8.1×10⁹、6.04×10⁹和2.5×10¹⁰m³,总体均逐年上升,这与动物性食物比重增加和单位质量动物性食物虚拟水含量高有关.省市间食物虚拟水消费量差异较大,这可能与当地人口结构有关.因此,可从食物消费入手,通过保障粮食安全与水资源高效管理促进京津冀地区区域间协同发展.更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the scientific methods of inter-regional food security and efficient water management and reveal the food consumption trends of the residents in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its impact on the generation of the food virtual water,the consumption change characteristics of food including rations,vegetables,fish,meat and eggs of residents from 2000 to 2018 were quantitatively analyzed to explore the impact of food consumption change on virtual water aimed at the Beijing-TianjinHebei region with prominent contradiction between human and water based on the virtual water theory and virtual water method.The results show that from the perspective of food consumption,the total food consumption in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is 5 431.3 kg/a,of which the total ration consumption,the total vegetable consumption and the total consumptions of fish,meat and eggs are 2 387.5,2 171.4 and 872.5 kg/a,respectively. The proportion of plant-based food consumption drops from87.6% in 2000 to 80.2% in 2018. The proportion of animal food consumption increases from 12.4% in 2000 to 19.8% in 2018.From the perspective of virtual water consumption,the annual average virtual water consumption of food in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is 8.1×109,6.04×109 and 2.5×1010 m3,respectively,showing an upward trend year by year. This is related to the increase in the proportion of animal food and the high virtual water content per unit mass of animal food. There are large differences in food virtual water consumption between provinces and cities, which may be related to the local population structure. As a result,the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region can be promoted by the food security guarantee and efficient management of water resources starting with the food consumption.更多还原