【摘要】 以糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)菌株‘新河大P-2号’为出发菌株,利用多功能等离子体诱变技术(multifunction plasma mutagenesis system, MPMS)对菌丝进行诱变,获得367个在黍子(Proso millet)秸秆培养基上生长良好的菌株,通过拮抗实验获得39个诱变菌株。通过观察菌丝长势,测定菌丝生长速度、漆酶活性、生物学效率,最终筛选到5个在黍子秸秆栽培料上菌丝长势旺盛,菌丝生长速度、漆酶活性、生物学效率显著高于出发菌株(P<0.05)的诱变菌株(PA5、PA22、PA36、PA61、PA143),其中菌株PA36最优。与出发菌株相比,菌株PA36菌丝生长速度提高13.51%,漆酶活性提高28.30%,生物学效率提高12.66%。ISSR分子标记实验结果表明,这5个诱变菌株与出发菌株存在遗传差异。与市售糙皮侧耳相比,利用黍子秸秆栽培料栽培的PA5、PA22、PA36、PA61、PA143和出发菌株子实体膳食纤维、多糖含量显著提高,除菌株PA143子实体中蛋白质含量与市售糙皮侧耳的无显著性差异,其他菌株子实体中蛋白质含量均显著提高。本研究不仅为糙皮侧耳菌株的选育提供高效可行的方法,且获得了对黍子秸秆高效利用的新菌株。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using Pleurotus ostreatus strain ‘Xinheda P-2’ as the starting strain and multifunction plasma mutagenesis system(MPMS), 367 strains were obtained with good growth on the Proso millet straw medium. These strains were then subjected to antagonism tests and 39 mutant strains showing antagonism towards the starting strain were selected. For these 39 selected strains, they were further observed for mycelium vigor and measured for mycelial growth rate, laccase activity, and biological efficiency, respectively. After this round of selection, five mutant strains, PA5, PA22, PA36, PA61 and PA143, were finally selected. There was a rich genetic diversity in the five selected strains based on their ISSR molecular markers. Their mycelium vigor, mycelial growth rates, laccase activities and biological efficiencies were significantly improved compared with the starting strain(P<0.05). Among them, PA36 was the best. Compared with the starting strain, PA36 showed a 13.51% increase in mycelial growth rate, a 28.30% increase in laccase activity, and a 12.66% increase in biological efficiency, respectively. The fruiting bodies of PA36 contained more dietary fiber, polysaccharides and proteins than the fruiting bodies of the starting strain. This study not only introduced an efficient and feasible method for breeding P. ostreatus, but also showcased an option for efficient utilization of P. millet straw resource.更多还原