【摘要】 目的 分析Rathke囊肿的临床和MRI表现特点，提高术前诊断的准确性。方法 对经手术病理证实的18例Rathke囊肿的临床和MRI资料进行回顾性总结和分析，重点观察囊肿信号、位置、形态和强化情况。结果 9例囊肿位于鞍内，3例位于鞍上，6例由鞍内突入鞍上。位于鞍内和位于鞍上的囊肿呈圆形或卵圆形，冠状位囊肿居中，呈对称性分布。12例囊肿T₁WI呈高信号或稍高信号，T₂WI呈低信号，3例T₁WI和T₂WI均呈高信号，3例T₁WI呈低信号，T₂WI呈高信号。5例囊肿内见不强化的漂浮结节。6例鞍内突入鞍上的大囊肿出现薄壁环形强化。3例鞍内囊肿手术前连续5年行鞍区MRI复查大小、位置和信号未见变化。结论 Rathke囊肿的典型信号表现为T₁WI呈高或稍高信号，T₂WI呈低信号。冠状位囊肿位置居中，圆形或卵圆形，呈对称分布。囊内不强化漂浮结节对Rathke囊肿与垂体腺瘤的鉴别诊断有重要价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the clinical and MRI features of Rathke cleft cysts and improve the accuracy of its preoperative diagnosis.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and MRI data of 18 cases of Rathke cleft cyst diagnosed by postoperative pathology.The signal, location, morphology and enhancement of cyst were emphatically observed.Results 9 cases located in the intrasellar area, 3 cases in the suprasellar region and 6 cases protruded from intrasellar area into suprasellar region.The cysts showed round or ovoid shape in or upon the sellar region.Cysts were in the middle and distributed symmetrically on coronal MRI scan.12 cases of cyst showed higher or slightly high T₁WI signals and low T₂WI signals.3 cases showed both high signals in T₁WI and T₂WI.3 cases showed low T₁WI signals but high T₂WI signals.Unenhanced floating nodules were observed in 5 cysts.Thin-walled enhancement was seen in 6 cases of large cysts protruded from intrasellar area into suprasellar region.3 cases received continuous MRI examination for 5 years which showed no change in the cyst size, location andsignal.Conclusion Higher or slightly high T₁WI signals and low T₂WI signal are the typical MRI features of Rathke cleft cysts.Cysts are centered, round or oval in shape and symmetrically distributed at coronary position.The sign of non-enhanced floating nodule in the cyst is important for the differential diagnosis of Rathke cleft cyst and pituitary adenoma.更多还原