【摘要】 目的探究中国北方社区中老年人群轻度认知障碍的发生率及相关风险因素。方法本研究基于北京社区799名50岁及以上非痴呆老年人群,评估其遗忘型认知障碍(aMCI)与非遗忘型轻度认知障碍(naM-CI)的发病率,并重点考察年龄、性别、受教育程度以及4种社区常见血管性疾病,即高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、冠心病等因素对两类轻度认知障碍类型发生率的影响。结果 aMCI总患病率为16.2%(130/799),naMCI总患病率为7.8%(63/799),健康群体占比为76%(606/799),aMCI和naMCI的患病率随着年龄的增长而逐渐增加。女性在高年龄段aMCI发生率高于男性,naMCI发生率低于男性。高教育人群在各年龄段aMCI发生率均低于低教育组,其中在低年龄段naMCI发生率显著低于低教育组,但在高年龄段naMCI发生率反超低教育组。此外,糖尿病、冠心病等疾病患病人群的aMCI发生率略高于非糖尿病、非冠心病人群;在低年龄段时是否罹患血管性疾病对naMCI发生率影响较小。Logistics回归分析显示,年龄对MCI患病率影响最大,相比于低年龄段,高年龄段人群的MCI患病风险呈数倍增长;其次是受教育程度,结果显示低教育组aMCI患病率风险是高教育组的2.70倍、naMCI患病率风险是高教育组的2.99倍。此外,糖尿病较其他3项常见血管性疾病对MCI风险贡献度更高,糖尿病患者的aMCI患病风险是非糖尿病患者的1.44倍。结论中国北方社区中老年人群中MCI的发生率约占24%,其中aMCI是主要类型;高年龄、低教育以及糖尿病是罹患轻度认知障碍的高风险因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) in middle-aged and elderly citizens in communities in northern China. Methods A total of 799 non-dementia elderly people, aged 50 and above and living in communities of Beijing, were selected in this study to estimate the incidence and risk factors of amnesiac cognitive impairment(aMCI) and non-amnesiac mild cognitive impairment(naMCI) among them. The effects of age, gender, education and four common vascular diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease on the incidence of these two MCI types were investigated. Results The total prevalence of a MCI and naMCI was 16.2%(130/799) and 7.8%(63/799), and the healthy population was76%(606/799). The prevalence of a MCI and naMCI gradually increased with age. The incidence of aMCI in women was higher than that in men at higher ages, and the incidence of naMCI was lower than that in men. The incidence of aMCI in the high education group was lower than that in the low education group at all ages. The incidence of naMCI in the high education group was lower than that in the low education group at lower ages, but the incidence of naMCI in the high education group was higher than that in low education group at higher ages. The incidence of aMCI in people with common vascular diseases such as diabetes and coronary heart disease in the community was slightly higher than that in people without these diseases at all ages, while the common vascular diseases had little influence on the incidence of naMCI in the low age group.The results of logistics regression analysis showed age had the greatest effect on the prevalence of MCI, and compared with the low age group, the risk of disease in the high age group increased several times. The prevalence risk of aMCI in the low-education group was 2.70 times higher than that in the high-education group, and the prevalence risk of naMCI was 2.99 times higher than that in the high-education group.In addition, diabetes contributed more to the risk of MCI than the other three common vascular diseases, and the risk of a MCI was 1.44 times higher in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes. Conclusion The incidence of MCI among middle-aged and elderly people in northern Chinese communities is about 24%, and aMCI is the main type of MCI. Higher age, lower education and diabetes were high risk factors for developing MCI.更多还原