【摘要】 鹅观草(Roegneria kamoji,2n=42,SSHHYY)是小麦异源六倍体野生近缘种,对小麦赤霉病具有良好抗性,是改良小麦赤霉病抗性的重要遗传资源。通过远缘杂交,将鹅观草第一部分同源群染色体上的抗赤霉病基因Fhb6导入普通小麦。由于第一部分同源群染色体包含1S、1H和1Y三条染色体,为研究这些同源染色体对小麦赤霉病抗性的影响,筛选出4个鹅观草第一部分同源群染色体特异分子标记,通过PCR扩增鹅观草属不同野生种的基因组DNA,明确了抗赤霉病Fhb6基因位于鹅观草1Y#1染色体。进一步利用分子细胞遗传学技术从中国春与鹅观草的后代中选育出5份涉及鹅观草1Y#2和1S#2染色体的渗入系材料。其中:21RK-1为二体异代换系DS1Y#2(1A),21RK-2为二体异代换系DS1S#2(1D),21RK-3为二体异附加系DA1S#2,21RK-4为1S#2和TW·1S#2S的双单体附加系,21RK-5为纯合TW·1S#2S易位系。这些新种质为小麦抗赤霉病基因的发掘及遗传改良奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Roegneria kamoji(2 n=42,SSHHYY)is a hexaploid wild relatives of common wheat. Due to high resistance level of Fusarium head blight(FHB),R. kamoji is regarded as a potential germplasm to explore FHB-resistant genes. The FHB resistance gene Fhb6 located on the homoeologous group 1 chromosome of R. kamoji had been introduced into common wheat through hybridization. The homoeologous group 1 chromosomes of R. kamoji included 1 S,1 H or 1 Y chromosome. In order to understand the effect of homoeologous chromosome on resistance of FHB,four STS markers specific to homoeologous group 1 chromosomes of R. kamoji were screened. Subsequently,these markers were used to amplify the DNA samples of the disomic substitution line DS1 RK#1(1 A)carrying Fhb6 and the other relatives with different genomes. Results indicated that Fhb6 was located on 1 Y#1 chromosome. Five new wheat-R. kamoji introgression lines involving 1 Y#2 and 1 S#2 chromosomes were identified from the backcross progeny of the second hybrid between Chinese Spring and R. kamoji. Of which,21 RK-1 was the disomic substitution line DS1 Y#2(1 A),21 RK-2 was the disomic substitution line DS1 S#2(1 D),21 RK-3 was the disomic addition line DA1 S#2,21 RK-4 was the double monosomic addition line of 1 S#2 and TW·1 S#2 S,and 21 RK-5 was the homologous TW·1 S#2 S translocation line. These new germplasm resources and the specific molecular markers developed in the present study provided the foundation for the genetic improvement of wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight.更多还原