【摘要】 RNA 表观遗传修饰N6-甲基腺嘌呤(N6-methyladenosine,m~6A)是RNA中存在最为广泛的中间化学修饰,普遍存在于生命体中,其中以哺乳动物中的研究最为广泛。m~6A修饰酶和结合蛋白的发现证明了RNA甲基化修饰是动态可逆过程,常见的m~6A修饰酶主要包括甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶。近年研究陆续发现通过调控m~6A在RNA修饰水平上影响mRNA剪切、翻译、稳定性、出核等过程。RNA甲基化介导的表观转录组学参与诸多生物学过程。结合m~6A前沿研究成果,对m~6A甲基化主要的修饰酶、检测方法及其在胚胎发育、肌肉发育与脂肪生成等方面的生物学功能进行综述,旨为探究m~6A甲基化修饰在动物重要的生物学过程中的调控机制寻找新方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Epigenetic modification of RNA N6-methyladenine(m~6A)is the most extensive intermediate chemical modification in RNA,which exists commonly in living organisms,especially in mammals.The discovery of m~6A modifying enzymes and binding proteins confirmed that RNA methylation modification is a dynamic reversible process,and the common m~6A modifying enzymes mainly include methyltransferase and demethylase.Recent studies have successively found that m~6A modification level and m~6A distribution on RNA affect the processes of mRNA splicing,translation,stability,and exporting.RNA methylation-mediated epitranscriptomics is involved in many biological processes.This review summarizes the major m~6A methylation modification of enzyme,the detection method and m~6A biological functions in embryonic development,muscle development,as well as lipogenesis based on the latest m~6A research,aiming to find new directions for exploring the functions and regulatory mechanisms of m~6A methylation modification in important biological processes in animals.更多还原