【摘要】 以景观生态学理论和遥感技术为基础,基于1964年、1980年、2000年、2017年四期遥感影像数据充分利用GIS、RS、景观格局方法、空间地统计学等方法对影像进行解译,结合野外实地调查资料等其他信息源,分析研究区景观格局动态变化特征,结果发现:(1)1964—2017年塞威氏苹果斑块数、斑块密度、边界密度较大,且呈逐渐增加的趋势,其景观生态过程较活跃, 2000年以前受到人类活动的干扰较强。塞威氏苹果的面积减少,斑块数增加,破碎化加大,斑块破碎化程度增加,受到人为和自然环境的干扰程度变多。(2)1964—2017年斑块数、斑块密度、边界密度等指数总体呈增加趋势,斑块形状趋于不规则,边界区域不规则性。(3)蔓延度指数、香农多样性指数、景观均匀度指数虽然总体变动不够明显,但存在部分波动变化,景观的异质性程度在增加,这可能是人为干扰使塞威氏苹果消亡面积比例降低所致。塞威氏苹果面积从1964年到2017年减少了3870.81 hm2,年均动态度为-1.20%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on landscape ecology theory and remote sensing technology, this paper used GIS, RS, landscape patterns method and spatial geostatistics to interpret images based on 1964, 1980, 2000, and 2017 remote sensing image data. Combined with other information sources such as field investigation data, the paper analyzed the dynamic changes of landscape pattern in the study area. The conclusions were as follows:(1) The number of plaques, plaque density, and boundary density of Malus sieversii(Ldb.) Roem from 1964 to 2017 were large and showed increasing trend, the landscape ecological process was more active, and the interference from human activities was stronger before 2000. The area of Malus sieversii(Ldb.) Roem was reduced, the number of plaques was increased, the fragmentation was increased, the degree of plaque fragmentation was increased, and the degree of interference from human and natural environment was increased.(2) The index of plaque, plaque density, and boundary density generally increased, the shape of plaque tends to be irregular, and the boundary area was irregular from 1964 to 2017.(3) Although the overall changes of the spread value, Shannon diversity index, and landscape evenness index were not obvious enough, there were some band changes, and the degree of heterogeneity of the landscape was increasing.This may be the proportion of the dead zone of the severe apples caused by human disturbance. From 1964 to 2017, the area decreased by 3870.81 hm~2, with an average annual dynamic degree of-1.20%.更多还原