【摘要】 纯碱是十分重要的工业原料,目前常用的索尔维法和联碱法制碱目前都存在着部分副产物无法有效利用的情况。使用有机胺制碱,再将生成的有机胺盐酸盐再生循环利用是提高原料利用率的有效途径。为了提高单次反应转化率并且降低有机胺盐酸盐的再生难度,合理地调控胺的碱性至关重要。采用不同摩尔比的环氧丙烷通过环氧开环加成反应改性二乙烯三胺,从而制备不同碱性的有机胺用于制备碳酸氢钠。结果表明,5-DETA具有最佳的综合性能,单次NaCl转化率为19.66%,反应后的有机胺盐酸盐采用热分解法,在165℃加热3h后就能达到91%以上的再生率,且再生后的有机胺制碱仍能保持较高的反应活性。通过量化计算得到了5-DETA和三辛胺的电子分布,验证了5-DETA具有更低的碱性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sodium carbonate is a fundamental industrial material.Presently,the commonly used Solvay process and Hou’s process are currently producing some by products that cannot be effectively used.Using organic amine instead,and then recycling the organic amine hydrochloride is an effective way to improve the utilization rate of materials.In a bid to increase the conversion rate of reaction and reduce the difficulty of organic amine regeneration,it is essential to rationally design the basicity of the organic amine.In this paper,propylene oxide with different molar ratios is used to modify diethylenetriamine through epoxy ring-opening addition reaction,thereby preparing different basic organic amines.The result shows that 5-DETA has the best comprehensive performance,with a single NaCl conversion rate of 19.66%.The organic amine hydrochloride is thermally decomposed and can achieve a regeneration rate of over 91%after heating at 170℃for 3 h,which can still maintain high reactivity.The electron distributions of 5-DETA and trioctylamine were obtained through DFT calculations,and it was verified that 5-DETA has lower basicity.更多还原