【摘要】 目的了解0～3岁儿童家长养育的生理和心理健康素养水平并探讨其影响因素,为开展针对性的干预措施提供相应依据。方法于2019年10月至2020年7月期间,以经信效度验证的"0～3岁儿童家长健康素养评价问卷"为调查工具,在上海市闵行区所有13个社区卫生服务中心开展在线横断面调查,采用二分类Logistic回归分析0～3岁儿童家长健康素养的相关因素。结果共回收有效问卷2 250份(99.9%),以得分不低于80分为具备健康素养,0～3岁儿童家长的养育健康素养具备率为60.1%,其中生理及心理健康素养具备率分别为50.6%、64.9%。Logistic回归结果显示,独生子女、上海市户籍家长健康素养水平更高,其aOR(95%CI)分别为1.32(1.09～1.60)、1.62(1.32～1.98);与母亲相比,养育者为儿童父亲、(外)祖父母的健康素养水平更低,其aOR(95%CI)分别为0.68(0.54～0.85)、0.16(0.04～0.58);与初中及以下学历组相比,父亲文化水平为高中及同等学历、本科及以上学历组的健康素养水平更高,其aOR(95%CI)分别为1.99(1.26～3.17)、2.51(1.54～4.12),母亲文化水平为高中及同等学历、本科及以上学历组的健康素养水平更高,其aOR(95%CI)分别为1.80(1.16～2.84)、2.66(1.66～4.32);通过新媒体获取信息的家长健康素养更高,其aOR(95%CI)为2.43(1.79～3.34),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 0～3岁儿童家长的养育健康素养总体水平有待提高,其中生理健康素养水平的提升更为迫切。应进一步加强(外)祖父母、父亲、学历较低、子女非上海户籍、儿童非独生子女的家长等重点人群的健康教育,积极利用新媒体工具,优化健康教育的内容及传播方式,促进儿童家长的养育健康素养,最终促进儿童健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the status of physical and mental health literacy and factors associated with parental health literacy of caregivers of children aged 0-3 years, to provide the corresponding basis for the development of targeted intervention measures.Methods From October 2019 to July 2020,online cross-sections were carried out in all 13 community health centers of Minhang District, Shanghai, using the questionnaire“Health Literacy Evaluation Questionnaire for Parents of Children Aged 0 to 3 Years” verified by reliability and validity.Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with parental health literacy of children aged 0-3.Results A total of 2 250(99.9%) valid questionnaires were collected.With 80 percent as the threshold of adequate health literacy, the proportion of caregivers who had adequate health literacy was 60.1%,of which the proportions of physical and mental health literacy were 50.6% and 64.9%,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that parental health literacy was higher among parents with the only child(aOR=1.32,95%CI:1.09-1.60) and having Shanghai household registration(aOR=1.62,95%CI:1.32-1.98).The health literacy of fathers(aOR=0.68,95%CI: 0.54-0.85) and grandparents(aOR=0.16,95%CI: 0.04-0.58) as the caregivers was lower than that of mothers.Compared with the education of junior high school and below level, the parental health literacy was higher among fathers with senior high school or equivalent academic ability(aOR=1.99,95%CI:1.26-3.17) and bachelor degree or above(aOR=2.51,95%CI:1.54-4.12),the parental health literacy was higher among mothers with senior high school or equivalent academic ability(aOR=1.80,95%CI:1.16-2.84) and bachelor degree or above(aOR=2.66,95%CI:1.66-4.32).The parental health literacy of parents obtaining relevant information via new media was higher than those who obtained information via other ways(aOR=2.43, 95%CI:1.79-3.34).There were significant differences for all the above factors(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall level of parental health literacy for children aged 0-3 years old needs to be improved, among them, the improvement of physical health literacy level is more urgent.It is necessary to further strengthen health education for key populations such as those grandparents and fathers as major caregivers, with lower education levels, families with more than one child and without Shanghai household registration, and actively use new media tools, optimize the contents and dissemination methods of health education, promote the health literacy of children′s parents, and ultimately promote children′s health.更多还原