【摘要】 目的了解山东省学龄前儿童的屏幕暴露行为及睡眠状况,分析屏幕暴露对睡眠时间和睡眠质量的影响,为管理儿童屏幕暴露及睡眠行为提供参考。方法 2018年9月至10月,采用统一问卷对山东省五市4～6岁儿童的屏幕暴露及睡眠状况进行调查,依次按区、幼儿园、年级、班级分层随机抽样,共选取20所幼儿园120个班级的4～6岁在园健康儿童为研究对象,按年龄将其分为4岁组(932人)、5岁组(960人)、6岁组(239人),对调查数据进行统计分析。结果不同年龄组儿童日平均屏幕暴露时间、工作日屏幕暴露时间、周末屏幕暴露时间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。不同年龄组儿童日平均睡眠时间、工作日睡眠时间、周末睡眠时间差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为4.428、6.122、4.266,均P<0.05)。睡眠质量不良儿童检出率为74.85%(1 595/2 131)。儿童日平均屏幕暴露时间越短,夜间睡眠时间越长(t=-3.341,P=0.001);睡前使用电子产品频率越低,夜间睡眠时间越长(t=2.627,P=0.009)。儿童周平均户外活动时间长为睡眠质量的保护因素(OR=0.973,95%CI:0.961～0.992,P<0.05);而每周儿童睡前使用电子产品频率为1～2次(OR=1.619,95%CI:1.023～2.123)、儿童日平均屏幕暴露时间长(OR=1.178,95%CI:1.015～1.367)均为睡眠质量的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论山东省学龄前儿童过度屏幕暴露现象普遍存在,睡眠时间不足,睡眠质量不良检出率较高。儿童睡前使用电子产品的频率、儿童日平均屏幕暴露时间是睡眠时间及睡眠质量的共同影响因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the screen exposure and sleep status of preschoolers in Shandong province, and analyze the influence of screen exposure on sleep time and sleep quality, so as to provide reference to manage screen exposure and sleep behavior.Methods From September to October 2018,questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate screen exposure and sleep behavior of children aged 4-6 years in 5 cities of Shandong province. Stratified random sampling was conducted according to district, kindergarten, grade and class. Finally, healthy children aged 4-6 from 120 classes in 20 kindergartens were selected as subjects, and divided into four years old group(932),five years old group(960) and six years old group(239) according to their age, and then the data were statistically analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in the average daily screen time, the screen time on weekdays and weekends among different age groups(all P>0.05). The average daily sleep time, sleep time of weekdays and weekends among different age groups had significant differences(F=4.428,6.122 and 4.266,respectively, all P<0.05). Children with poor sleep quality accounted for 74.85%(1595/2131). The shorter average screen time per day, the longer sleeping time at night(t=-3.341,P=0.001),and the lower frequency of using electronic products before bedtime, the longer sleeping time at night(t=2.627,P=0.009). Long outdoor activity time weekly was protective factor for sleep quality(OR=0.973,95%CI: 0.961-0.992). But the frequency of children using electronic products before bedtime was 1-2 times per week(OR=1.619,95%CI:1.023-2.123),and long daily screen time(OR= 1.178 95%CI: 1.015-1.367) were risk factors for sleep quality. Conclusion Excessive screen exposure is common among preschoolers in Shandong province, with insufficient sleep time and high detection rate of poor sleep quality. The frequency of electronic use before bedtime and the average daily screen exposure time of children were the common influencing factors of sleep time and sleep quality.更多还原