【摘要】 本文以1998-2018年的中国老年人健康长寿调查数据为基础,分析80-104岁高龄老年人临终主要照料模式以及变化趋势,揭示寿命延长带来的家庭居住安排和照料资源的变化以及这些变化对高龄老年人临终照料模式的影响,剖析不同特征的高龄老年人群在临终照料模式上存在的差异。研究结果表明1998-2018年间中国高龄老年人的临终照料模式发生了显著的变化,虽然家庭照料仍占据主导地位,但孙子女以及其他亲属将承担更多的临终照料责任,高龄老年人临终照料模式将呈现更加多元化的趋势。长寿改变了家庭的生命周期,传统的家庭照料资源萎缩,子女照料模式难以维系,孙子女逐渐取代子女成为主要的临终照料者,传统家庭养老模式下子代与父代间的代际反馈将进一步拓展为孙代与祖代之间的代际互惠。长寿带来的子女照料资源减少会对老年人的临终照料产生不利的影响,传统养老责任人的缺位增加了高龄老年人临终照料模式的不确定性,甚至可能会降低临终照料的质量,增加被照料者的健康风险。随着老年人经济社会状况的改善,他们对社会化临终照料资源的需求更高,但是社会保障和社会化临终照料资源的匮乏限制了社会照料作用的发挥。更多还原

【Abstract】 Employing the data of Chinese Longitudinal Longevity survey conducted in 1998-2018,this study analyzes the care providers for the Chinese elderly aged 80-104 at the end of life,and its changes in1998-2018. This research reveals the impact of extended lifespan on the selection of care providers,and the diversity in the care provider of the Oldest-old characterized differently. The results discover significant changes in the care providers of the elderly at the end of life in 1998-2018,and highlight more important role of grandchildren and other relatives as care providers of the elderly at the end of lives in recent years,which reveals more diversified pattern of care for the Oldest-old. Longevity change the life course of family and reduce the resources of family care,which threats the traditional pattern of care at the end of life,and grandchildren who replace the children works as more important care providers than ever before. As a result,intergenerational exchange between children and parents will be expanded to the reciprocal interaction among grandchildren and grandparents. Decease in the traditional care resources of children caused by longevity affect the care of the Oldest-old negatively,and the absence of traditional care providers increases the instability of care supports,and even impairs the quality of care. All of those changes increase the health risk of the Oldest-old. With the improvement in the socioeconomic status of the Oldest-old,their demands for social care resources rise. But the less development in social security and social care resources limit the contribution of social forces to the end of life care for the Oldest-old.更多还原