【摘要】 2019年3月21日21:13广西桂林市临桂区国家气象观测站测得60.3 m·s^-1的瞬时极大风速,2019年4月13日14:11广东湛江市徐闻县下属和安镇镇政府自动气象站测得50.7 m·s^-1的瞬时极大风速,两地均出现比较明显的风灾。通过分析监控视频、无人机航拍资料、现场勘察和走访目击者,获得如下结论:21:09—21:14临桂国家气象观测站及周边区域的风灾过程是一次EF2级微下击暴流,时间尺度大于6 min,空间尺度约为1.6 km×2.0 km,属于α小尺度（400～4 000 m）微下击暴流,其中包含7个β小尺度（40～400 m）微下击暴流;灾害现场呈现出受灾区域的纵横比小、灾情不连续和树木倒向有明显辐散的特征。14:09—14:15广东湛江徐闻的风灾过程是一次EF3级的强龙卷,持续时间约为7 min,龙卷路径长约为3.2km,宽约为30～280 m,监控视频显示在龙卷发生地附近出现了持续时间极短的旋转性大风。相对于临桂微下击暴流,龙卷灾害现场具有风灾破坏带纵横比大、灾情连续和多处树木倒向呈现辐合的特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 On 21 March 2019,an instantaneous maximum wind speed of 60.3 m·s-1 was recorded at 21:13 BT by national observation station in Lingui District,Guangxi.On 13 April 2019,an instantaneous maximum wind speed of 50.7 m·s-1 was recorded at 14:11 BT by observation station in He’an Town,Guangdong Province.Significant wind damages were observed at the two places.By analyzing surveillance video,drone aerial data,site survey and visiting witnesses,the following conclusions were obtained.The wind damage which occurred at Lingui National Station and its surrounding area from 21:09 BT to 21:14 BT was a EF2 microburst lasting at least 6 minutes and affecting 1.6 km×2.0 km.It belonged to micro-αscale microburst and contained seven micro-β scale embedded.The damage area was featured with small aspect ratio,discontinuous spatial distribution and divergent wind pattern.The wind damage that occurred in Xuwen of Guangdong Province from 14:09 BT to 14:15 BT was a EF3 tornado which lasted for 7 minutes.The damage path was about 3.2 km long and 30-280 m wide.The surveillance video showed that there was a rotational wind tunnel existing shortly near the damage site.Compared with Lingui microburst,the damage area has larger aspect ratio,more continuous spatial distribution and convergent wind pattern.更多还原