【摘要】 "西北人工影响天气能力建设项目巴彦淖尔人工防雹技术研究试验"于2018—2021年在内蒙古巴彦淖尔地区开展,本试验在该地区已有探测设备基础上增加X波段双偏振雷达、二维雨滴谱仪、测雹板等特种观测设备,以科学合理的设备布局及观测方式为基础开展外场研究试验,研究建立适宜于内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔人工防雹作业特点的技术体系。利用C波段多普勒雷达、地面降雹资料研究分析了巴彦淖尔地区降雹时空分布特征、冰雹云移动路径,得出巴彦淖尔地区降雹天气主要发生在每年6—8月、12—20时的河套地区,主要冰雹云移动路径是自西北向东南（46.7%）,其次是自西南向东北（26.2%）;研究分析了2019年测雹板观测地面降雹特征,根据测雹板反演出的冰雹粒子最大直径为19.9 mm,最小为3 mm,总体能较好反映降雹区域的降雹实况,降雹粒子数分布近似于指数分布,拟合的指数分布系数为N₀=6349、θ=0.4153,且在粒子直径为5 mm时存在"左截断"现象（3～5 mm直径区间粒子数少）,误差产生的主要原因有凹坑重叠、人工数据读取等因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 The project of “Weather Modification Capacity Construction Project of Northwest ChinaHail Suppression Research and Field Campaigns in Bayannur” has been implemented in Bayannur area of Inner Mongolia from December 2018 to December 2021. The team built ground-based instruments including dul-polarization weather radar, 2 DVD, hail pad etc.. This experiment carried out field research test based on scientific and reasonable equipment layout and observation methods, and established a technical system suitable for the characteristics of artificial hail suppression operations in Bayannur of Inner Mongolia, China. The project adopted C-band Dopmporal and spatial distribution characteristics of hail in Bayannaoer area and the movement path of hail cloud. The results showed that hail weather of Bayannaoer area mainly occurs from June to August, at 12-pler radar and ground hail data to analyze the te20 o’clock in the Hetao area. The main hail cloud movement path is from northwest to southeast(43%), followed by west to east(28%). The study analyzed the characteristics of hail on the ground observed based on the hailpad in 2019. According to the collected data, the diameter of hail particles ranges from 19.9 mm to 3 mm. The overall situation could be well described in the hail area, and the distribution of the number of hail particles is similar to the index. The fitted exponentialdistribution coefficient is N0=6349, θ=0.4153, and there is a “left truncation” phenomenon when the particle diameter is 5 mm(the number of particles in the 3-5 mm diameter interval is small), and the main causes of the errors are the overlap of pits, manual data reading and other factors.更多还原