【摘要】 羊(包括山羊(Capra hircus)和绵羊(Ovis aries))是人类主要饲养的家畜之一。羊根据其经济用途可以分为乳用、肉用、绒用和兼用四类。探究种群间选择信号的特征可以清楚地了解种群的遗传进化和选择进展,将正向选择应用于育种可加快遗传进展、缩短育种进程,对选择信号检测到的功能基因进一步验证为致因基因,可实现分子设计育种和重要经济性状的改良。本文综述了五种常用选择信号检测方法不同之处和适用范围,总结了近年来利用选择信号分析挖掘羊重要经济性状功能基因的研究进展,为下一步解析功能基因调控羊重要经济性状形成的分子机制奠定理论基础,为实施分子设计育种实现群体遗传改良或新品种(系)培育提供基因来源与分子素材。更多还原

【Abstract】 Goat(Capra hircus) and sheep(Ovis aries) are main domestic animals raised by human beings.Goat and sheep can be divided into four categories including milk, meat, fleece and both according to its economic use. A clear understanding of the genetic evolution and selection progress of population can be provided through exploring the characteristics of selection signatures among different population. Moreover,the genetic progress can be accelerated and the breeding process can be shortened by applying positive selection. The functional genes detected by the selection signature analyses can be further verified as the causal genes, so as to realize molecular design breeding and the improvement of important economic traits. In this review, the differences and application scopes of five commonly used selection signature detection methods are summarized, and the research progress of functional genes determined using selection signature analyses for important economic traits in goat and sheep are also summarized. This study lays a theoretical foundation for further analysis of the molecular mechanism of functional genes regulating the formation of important economic traits in goat and sheep, and provides genetic sources and molecular materials for population genetic improvement or new varieties(lines) cultivation through molecular design breeding.更多还原