【摘要】 使用白云石、橄榄石、菱镁矿作为催化剂,在自行搭建的小型固定床气化炉试验台上对稻壳进行高温水蒸气催化气化和焦油转化实验,研究了气化温度、催化剂种类、镍负载、表观停留时间等因素对稻壳水蒸气气化半焦产率、焦油产率、气体产率以及气体组分的影响。试验结果表明,白云石、橄榄石、菱镁矿都对焦油有一定催化裂解效果,白云石的催化活性高于橄榄石和菱镁矿。使用浸渍法将助剂Ni负载于催化剂,白云石和菱镁矿的催化活性得到提升。使用镍负载的白云石进行不同温度的稻壳水蒸气气化试验,燃气在催化剂床层的表观停留时间为10.64 s时,气化温度从600℃升高至800℃,产气率、氢气体积分数分别由600℃的0.44 m~3/kg和44.22%提高到800℃的1.10 m~3/kg和58.0%,焦油产率由600℃的1.63%降低至800℃的0.31%,与无催化剂的气化试验相比,800℃的产气率、氢气体积分数分别增加了0.26 m~3/kg和31.3%,800℃下焦油脱除率为88.04%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using dolomite, olivine and magnesite as catalysts, high-temperature steam catalysis experiments were carried out on a small fixed-bed gasifier built by ourselves. The influence of gasification temperature and catalyst species, nickel loading, residence time on the yield of biomass char, tar yield, gas yield and gas composition in rice husk steam gasification was studied. Results showed that dolomite, olivine and magnesite all have catalytic cracking effects on tar, and the catalytic activity of dolomite is higher than that of olivine and magnesite. Using the impregnation method to load the promoter Ni on the catalyst, the catalytic activity of dolomite and magnesite is improved. Using nickel-loaded dolomite to carry out steam gasification experiments of rice husks at different temperatures and the residence time of gas is 10.64 s, the temperature was increased from 600 ℃ to 800 ℃, the gas production rate was increased from 0.44 m~3/kg to 1.10 m~3/kg and hydrogen volume fraction were increased from 44.22% to 58.0%, the tar yield decreased from 1.63% at 600 ℃ to 0.31% at 800 ℃. Compared with the gasification test without catalyst, the gas production rate and hydrogen volume fraction at 800 ℃ increased 0.26 m~3/kg and 31.3% respectively, the tar removal rate at 800 ℃ was 88.04%.更多还原