【摘要】 讨论了构筑耐污染特性超滤膜的策略及其局限性.重点概括了国内外在水合层效应和空间位阻效应(污染物抵制机制)、低表面能效应(污染物释放机制)、氧化分解效应(污染物攻击机制)、膜表面图案技术5种抗污策略指导下的膜研究进展.并对构筑耐污染超滤膜面临的主要挑战和发展方向进行了展望.更多还原

【Abstract】 Ultrafiltration technology has been developed rapidly in many fields such as water purification, sewage treatment, and seawater desalination. However, membrane fouling was one bottleneck of the large-scale application of membrane, especially in ultrafiltration. Due to the inherent properties of typical membrane materials, there were strong interactions between the membrane surface and pollutants, which resulted in serious membrane fouling. In recent years, anti-fouling membranes have been widely researched. In this review, we discussed anti-fouling strategies and limitations of ultrafiltration membranes. The hydration layer effect and steric hindrance effect(pollutants resistance mechanism), low surface energy effect(pollutants release mechanism), oxidation and decomposition of pollutants(pollutants attack mechanism), and membrane surface pattern technology were mainly introduced and summarized, as well as the research progress of anti-fouling membranes at domestic and overseas. Besides, the main challenges and development directions of anti-fouling ultrafiltration membranes were prospected.更多还原