【摘要】 飞机在起飞降落过程中会排放大量的污染物,例如二氧化碳、一氧化碳、氮氧化物等,这些污染物在机场区域的集中排放将导致污染物浓度超标,进而影响机场周围的空气质量,因此有必要对机场区域污染物的排放扩散情况进行研究。目前在机场区域大气环境评估方面,鲜少采用数值模拟方法,文章针对机场区域飞机起降循环过程中发动机燃烧产生的污染物,采用三维数值模拟的方法,建立机场区域飞机污染物扩散模型,最后通过算例验证了文章提出的数值模拟方法具有可行性,揭示了机场区域飞机滑行阶段飞机排放源所产生污染物的扩散特征。结果表明:飞机污染物初始排放浓度很高,但迅速扩散,风速及风向对飞机污染物扩散影响很大。当距离跑道300m位置时,污染物浓度衰减至很小,说明飞机污染物从发动机排气口排出后,在风的作用下快速扩散,且不同污染物的浓度值受排放源强影响,即排放源强大,浓度值也越大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aircraft will emit a lot of pollutants during take-off and landing, such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, etc. The concentrated emission of these pollutants in the airport area will cause the concentration of pollutants to exceed the standard, which will affect the air quality around the airport, so it is necessary research on the emission and diffusion of pollutants in the airport area. At present, numerical simulation methods are rarely used in the air environment assessment of the airport area. This article focuses on the pollutants generated by the combustion of the engine during the take-off and landing cycle of the airport area, and uses the three-dimensional numerical simulation method to establish the aircraft pollutant diffusion model in the airport area. Finally, a calculation example verifies the feasibility of the numerical simulation method proposed in this paper, and reveals the diffusion characteristics of the pollutants generated by the aircraft emission source during the taxiing phase of the airport area.The results show that the initial emission concentration of airplane pollutants is very high, but it spreads rapidly. Wind speed and wind direction have a great influence on the diffusion of airplane pollutants. When the distance from the runway is 300 m, the concentration of pollutants decays to a small amount, indicating that the pollutants from the aircraft diffuse rapidly under the action of the wind after they are discharged from the engine exhaust, and the concentration values of different pollutants are strongly affected by the emission source,that is, emission the source is powerful, the greater the concentration value.更多还原