【摘要】 针对风电场流场特性研究对风力机工作性能提高的重要意义,采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法在单机风力机模拟验证的基础上,对某风电场单风力机和三种布局条件下的风电场流场特性进行了数值模拟研究。考察了不同布局条件下风电场速度、叶轮表面压力以及湍流涡的分布特性。结果表明:叶轮后方尾流效应明显,速度损失随着相对距离的增加而逐渐减小,风力机处中心尾流速度比率最低降为0.4;当相对距离超过4 d后,风速可恢复为初始速度的90%以上;尾流速度与涡流粘性呈负相关性;三风力机平行布置时,各风力机尾流速度比率基本一致;三风机组在错落布置时,尾流效应对下游风力机工作性能影响较小,错落角度越大,尾流损失越小。更多还原

【Abstract】 In view of the important significance of studying the characteristics of the flow field of wind farms to improve the working efficiency of a wind turbine,using computational fluid dynamics( CFD) method,based on the simulation verification of a single wind turbine,a numerical simulation study was carried out on the flow field characteristics under a wind farm with a single wind turbine and three layout conditions. The distribution characteristics of wind farm speed,impeller pressure,and turbulence vortex under different layout conditions were investigated. Results showed that the wake flow effect behind the impeller is significantly obvious,and the velocity loss decreases with the relative distance increases. The wake velocity ratio at the center of the wind turbine is reduced to a minimum of 0. 4.When the relative distance exceeds 4 d,the wind speed can be restored to more than 90% of the initial speed. The velocity ratio of the wake flow presents a negative correlation with the eddy viscosity. When the three wind turbines are arranged in parallel,the wake velocity ratio of each wind turbine is the same. When the three wind turbines are arranged in a staggered arrangement,the wake effect has less influence on the performance of downstream wind turbines. The larger the staggered angle,the smaller the wake loss.更多还原