【摘要】 选择黑河上游天涝池小流域为研究区,亚高山草地为研究对象,利用涡度系统计算2014-2016年小时尺度蒸散发量,选择Penman、FAO Penman-Monteith、FAO Penman、Priestley-Taylor模型模拟研究区亚高山草地小时尺度蒸散发量.结果表明,除Priestley-Taylor模型,其他3个模型模拟结果与涡度计算结果相关关系较好,但是模拟结果偏大,修正后的模型模拟结果较好,可以用来模拟研究区小时尺度蒸散发量.根据Priestley-Taylor模型,修正FAO Penman-Monteith模型,模拟结果与Priestley-Taylor模型相似,模拟结果不好.利用2014年涡度计算小时尺度蒸散发量与净辐射、风速、空气温度、相对湿度和大气压强做Person相关分析,与其都呈极显著相关关系,利用2015和2016年涡度计算小时尺度蒸散发量验证经验公式,结果较好.更多还原

【Abstract】 The Tianlaochi catchment in the upper reaches of the Heihe River was selected as a study area and a subalpine meadow as the study object. The hourly evapotranspiration thereof was calculated via the eddy covariance observation system. Four classic evapotranspiration models such as Penman, FAO-Penman, FAO Penman-Monteith and Priestley-Taylor were used to simulate the hourly evapotranspiration.The results showed that the simulated values of other three models except Priestley-Taylor manifested an significant relationship with the values calculated by the eddy covariance observation system; the simulated values was larger, though developing the models and performing well, and the developed models could be used to simulate the hourly evapotranspiration in study area. According to the Priestley-Taylor model, we developed the FAO Penman-Monteith model, and the simulated results were the same with the Priestley-Taylor model, but it did not perform as well. The hourly evapotranspiration of 2014 was used to make the Person relationship with the net radiation, wend speed, air temperature, air humidity and air pressure, with a significant correction. An empirical formula was developed using the net radiation, wend speed, air temperature, air humidity, and air pressure and tested by data of 2015 and 2016, and it performed well.更多还原