【摘要】 中国是世界上受荒漠化危害最为严重的国家之一。经过几十年的不懈努力,中国荒漠化防治取得了举世瞩目的成就,赢得了国际社会的广泛赞誉。在新的历史时期,中国的荒漠化防治依然面临着严峻的挑战,如何确定资源承载力约束下合理的生态建设规模,保护和改造现有固沙植被,恢复和重建沙区生态系统?如何科学评估荒漠生态系统服务功能,统筹协调资源利用与生态保护的矛盾,发展沙区经济,推动沙区可持续发展?这些都是亟待回答的重要问题。文中在对中国北方荒漠化重点省区进行广泛调研和深入分析的基础上,总结中国在荒漠化防治方面取得的成效,分析了目前荒漠化防治中存在的认识误区和需要关注的问题,并就未来中国荒漠化防治的总体原则、土地可持续管理、治理成效评估、治理模式和措施、沙产业发展、科学研究和国际合作等方面,提出了具体建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 China has been recognized as one of the countries that suffer most from desertification in the world.After decades of unremitting efforts,China has made remarkable achievements in desertification combating,and won wide acclaim from the international community.In the new historical period,China’s desertification combating is still facing severe challenges.There are important issues to be addressed such as how to determine the reasonable scale of ecological construction under the constraints of resource carrying capacity,protect and upgrade the existing sand-fixing vegetation,restore and reestablish ecosystem in desert regions,scientifically evaluate the service function of desert ecosystem,handle the contradiction between resource utilization and ecological protection,develop the economy and promote the sustainable development in desert regions.On the basis of extensive investigation and in-depth analysis of the key desertification provinces in northern China,this paper summarized the achievements of China in desertification combating,and put forward some misunderstandings and problems that need to be paid attention to in desertification combating at present,and put forward concrete suggestions on the general principles of desertification combating,sustainable management of land,evaluation of governance effectiveness,governance models and measures,development of sand industry,scientific research and international cooperation in China in the future.更多还原