【摘要】 "市民社会"研究内部有复杂的理论脉络和多歧的思想资源,但自20世纪80年代以来,美国国内政治的结构变化与诸多南方国家的政治转型导致了"新托克维尔主义"的意外复兴。通过追溯其话语发展历史和学术、政治与公共影响,分析市民社会与民主关系这一理论要件,并进一步通过西方与其他地区、历史与现实的诸多实证案例,本研究试图说明这种有关市民社会的理想模型和理论想象面临诸多悖论和困境。"新托克维尔主义"是对托克维尔本身的一种非托克维尔式的解读,是对西方市民社会理论传统逻辑的本质化、激进化、普遍化,也可能附带了某种政治图景。更多还原

【Abstract】 “Civil society”as a concept of great imports involves divergent theoretical strains and fruitful resources in Western history. However, since 1980s the unintended revival of civil society discourse took the new form of“Neo-Tocquevilleanism”. It was resulted from the structural transformation of US domestic politics and the political transitions in various Southern states. By 1) tracing its historical development as well as its academic, political as well public ramifications, 2) unravelling one of its critical theoretical components, i. e., the relationship between civil society and democracy, through empirical cases in both Northern and Southern states, this paper attempts to exemplify why Neo-Tocquevilleanism as a recent theoretical model of civil society is plagued with various paradoxes and predicaments. The interpretation and mobilization of Tocqueville in the new discourse is unTocquevillian in the end; it essentializes, radicalizes and generalizes civil society theories, while also smuggling in a specific political agenda.更多还原