【摘要】 原煤中有大量土著微生物,进入浮选体系中与生产用水中的微生物随着水循环富集或死亡,其群落结构变化会对浮选效果产生影响。本文综述了微生物浮选、矿山生物治理以及矿物加工过程中微生物群落演变等方面的研究现状,阐明微生物在煤浮选中的重要影响,寻找现有研究中的共性与差异、空白与瓶颈,对未来做出展望。得出以下结论:①近几十年来对微生物浮选的长足研究可以很好地证实微生物会调控矿物及矸石的表面性质;②矿物也会影响着微生物的生长状况,随着微生物的富集或死亡,抑或是分泌物质的改变,都会影响煤浮选效果;③矿山废水的生物治理结果表明,微生物与浮选药剂之间的作用也不能忽视,一方面部分药剂可以为微生物提供碳源,另一方面微生物在药剂胁迫条件下,其生长和分泌特性都会发生改变;④对矿物加工过程中微生物群落演变的研究有助于筛选有利菌种,同时明晰不同条件下的优势种及其生长情况,对指导浮选过程具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are a large number of indigenous microorganisms in the raw coal.They will enter the flotation system with the microorganisms in production water,enriching or dying with the cycling water.Changes of their community structure will influence the flotation.This review summarizes the recent research of microbial flotation,mine biological treatment,and the evolution of microbial communities during mineral processing,clarifies the important influence of microorganisms in coal flotation,and attempts to find commonalities and differences,gaps and dilemma in existing research,making an outlook for the future.Conclusions are as follows:①Long-term research on microbial flotation in recent decades can well prove that microorganisms can change the surface properties of coal and minerals;②The relationship between minerals and microorganisms is mutual,namely,minerals can also affect growth status and secretions of microorganisms,which would further affect the coal flotation;③The results of biological treatment of mine wastewater show that the interaction of microorganisms and flotation reagents cannot be ignored.On one hand,some medicaments can provide nutrient for microorganisms,on the other hand,the growth and secretion characteristics of microorganisms will be changed under the conditions of medicament stress;④The study of the evolution of microbial communities during miner-al processing helps to screen beneficial bacterial species,and at the same time clarifying the dominant species and their growth under different conditions,which is of great significance to guide the flotation process.更多还原