【摘要】 施用缓释尿素部分替代普通尿素是提高氮肥利用率的重要措施。在秸秆全量还田条件下,适合小麦作物高产稳产的普通尿素与缓释尿素的适宜配施比例尚不明确。通过大田试验,在前茬水稻秸秆全量还田条件下,以不施氮为对照,研究普通尿素与缓释尿素不同配施比例(10∶0、5∶5、4∶6、3∶7)对小麦产量和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:普通尿素与缓释尿素配施比例为5∶5处理小麦产量、氮肥表观利用率、籽粒及植株含氮量最高,分别比常规施用普通尿素(10∶0)处理提高9.02%、8.40%、5.41%、7.94%。在秸秆全量还田条件下,随缓释尿素配施比例增加,土壤全氮及碱解氮含量呈上升趋势。其中,普通尿素与缓释尿素配施(3∶7)处理土壤全氮和碱解氮含量最高,分别比常规施氮(10∶0)处理提高13.90%和13.00%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Applying slow-release urea partially instead of conventional urea fertilizer is an important measure to improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer. Under the condition of straw returning to the field, the appropriate proportion of conventional and slow-release urea for high and stable yield of wheat crops is not clear. In this study, with no nitrogen as a control, a field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different ratios of conventional and slow-release urea fertilizer(10∶0, 5∶5, 4∶6 and 3∶7) on wheat yield, soil nutrients, and nitrogen utilization rate under the condition of straw returning. The results showed that the wheat yield, apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and nitrogen content in wheat grain and plant were the highest in the treatment of 5∶5 ratio of conventional and slow-release urea, with the increaments of 9.02%, 8.40%, 5.41% and 7.94%, respectively, compared with the conventional urea treatment(10∶0). The content of total and available nitrogen was increased with the application rate of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer. The contents of total and available nitrogen in soil treated with conventional and slow-release urea fertilizer(3∶7) were the highest, and increased by 13.90% and 13.00%, respectively, compared with conventional nitrogen treatment(10∶0).更多还原