【摘要】 生态敏感性评价是自然保护地平衡保护与利用,进而形成决策的重要依据,对国家公园建设以及规避生态环境问题具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。作为自然保护地体系的主体部分,现有国家公园都是在整合原有多个不同保护地类型的基础上构建而成,然而不同保护地类型由于生态关注点不同,生态敏感性指标权重也各不相同。因此,国家公园生态敏感性评价研究需要在参考原有保护地研究的基础上,建立综合性的生态敏感性评价。以武夷山国家公园为例,基于序关系分析法(G1),依据高程、坡度、土壤、植被覆盖度、地质灾害易发性、地形起伏度、表面水体缓冲区、道路缓冲区、土地利用类型9个生态敏感性评价指标,构建武夷山国家公园生态敏感性评价体系。研究结果表明,武夷山国家公园生态敏感性总体较高,呈西高东低的"高敏感区(17.43%)—较高敏感区(35.22%)—中敏感区(27.55%)—较低敏感区(15.63%)—低敏感区(4.17%)"结构。将生态敏感性区域与武夷山国家公园现有4个功能区进行对比分析,提出调整优化:1)深入推进闽赣2省联防联动,共建武夷山国家公园; 2)严格高、中高生态敏感区监督监管制度,维持生态系统稳定性; 3)精准定位中度生态敏感区生态管控,促进生态调节功能; 4)健全中低敏感区保护机制,保障自然生态系统的恢复与更新; 5)控制低生态敏感区生活污染,正确引导社区传统产业可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological sensitivity assessment is an important basis for balanced protection and utilization of nature reserves,and then forms an important basis for decision-making,which has important theoretical and practical significance for national park construction and evading eco-environmental problems. As the main part of the nature reserve system,the existing national parks are constructed on the basis of integrating many different types of protected land. However,due to the different ecological concerns of different protected land types,the weights of ecological sensitivity indicators are also different. Therefore,the study of ecological sensitivity assessment of national parks needs to establish a comprehensive ecological sensitivity assessment on the basis of referring to the study of the original protected areas. In this paper,taking Wuyishan National Park as an example,based on the method of sequence relation analysis( G1),according to nine ecological sensitivity evaluation indexes of elevation,slope,soil,vegetation coverage,vulnerability of geological disasters,topographic fluctuation,surface water buffer zone,road buffer zone and land use type,the ecological sensitivity evaluation system of Wuyishan National Park was constructed. The results show that the ecological sensitivity of Wuyishan National Park is generally high,with a structure of " high sensitive area( 17. 43%) —high sensitive area( 35. 22%) —middle sensitive area( 27. 55%) —low sensitive area( 15. 63%) —low sensitive area( 4. 17%) ". Based on the comparative analysis of the ecological sensitive areas and the existing four functional areas of Wuyishan National Park,this paper puts forward adjustment and optimization: 1) to further promote the joint defense and linkage between Fujian and Jiangxi provinces,jointly build Wuyishan National Park; 2) strict supervision and supervision system of high and medium-high ecological sensitive areas,maintain ecosystem stability; 3) accurately locate moderate ecological sensitive areas and promote ecological regulation function; 4) improve the protection mechanism of medium-and low-sensitive areas. Ensure the restoration and renewal of the natural ecosystem; 5) Control the living pollution in low ecological sensitive areas and correctly guide the sustainable development of traditional industries in the community.更多还原