【摘要】 研究农业水资源利用效率时空分异特征及影响因素,可为促进区域农业生产节水及提高用水利用效率提供科学依据。基于2010-2017年面板数据,运用DEA-BCC、Malmquist指数和Tobit模型对河北省11地级市农业水资源利用效率的静态和动态时空分异特征及整体影响因素进行探讨。结果表明:2010-2017年河北省农业水资源利用效率均值总体水平较低,呈现"倒V"形的时间变化特征和"北高南低"的空间分布特征。全省的全要素生产率增长率为7.2%,时序上呈先增长后下降的趋势,空间上呈北部、西北部高,东部、西南部低的趋势分布。农业经济水平、节水农业水平及农作物种植结构中牧渔业占农业总产值的比重对河北省农业水资源利用效率起积极促进作用,水资源禀赋、机械化程度及水资源结构中粮食和蔬菜种植面积的比值则呈消极阻碍作用,其中农作物种植结构和水资源结构起主要导向作用。河北省各地级市农业水资源利用效率差异明显,总体水平偏低,有较大提升空间,充分利用好技术优势和节水农业设施是提高农业水资源利用效率的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study,the spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural water use efficiency were studied to provide scientific basis for promoting water saving and improving water use efficiency in regional agricultural production. Based on panel data of 11 cities in Hebei Province from 2010 to 2017,the DEA-BCC,Malmquist productivity index and Tobit model were used to investigate the static and dynamic spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics and overall influencing factors of agricultural water use efficiency. The results show that:The overall average level of agricultural water use efficiency in Hebei Province from 2010 to 2017 was relatively low,which presented the characteristics of time change of "inverted V-shaped" and the spatial distribution characteristics of "high in north and low in south". The total factor productivity growth rate of the whole province was 7.2%,which showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in time series,and a trend of high in the north and northwest,and low in the east and southwest in space distribution.The agricultural economy level,water-saving agriculture level and crop planting structure,the proportion of animal husbandry and fishery in the total agricultural output value played a positive role in promoting the efficiency of agricultural water resource utilization,however,the endowment of water resources,the degree of mechanization,the ratio of the planting area of food and vegetables in the water resources structure showed a negative hindrance. Especially,the planting structure of crops and the structure of water resources played a major guiding role. There are obvious differences in the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in various cities of Hebei Province. The overall level is low,so there is a big promotion space. The key to improve agricultural water resource utilization efficiency is to make full use of technical advantages and water-saving agricultural facilities.更多还原