【摘要】 应急预案是应急管理组织机构的行动指南,组织之间的有效协作是应对突发公共事件的必要条件。本文运用社会网络分析方法,从预案层级和应急管理全过程出发,对市级、省级和国家突发公共卫生事件应急预案的组织间网络结构和关系模式进行了量化与可视化研究。结果发现,各级突发公共卫生事件应急预案网络稀疏且组织间联系随预案层级的降低而线性下降,处置与救援阶段是预案应急管理各阶段网络的薄弱环节;各级预案均存在应急管理任务的依赖性组织,但组织职能的泛化及在预案各应急管理阶段分布的不均衡制约了应急管理任务的实现;预案存在关键性组织,但主导型组织因预案层级和预案应急管理阶段的差异而发生改变;各级预案整体网络均存在封闭的小团体,市级和省级应急预案网络的中心性结构明显且团体间存在交互关系,而国家应急预案网络结构相对孤立,表现为团体内部强连接和团体之间弱连接的关系特征。在此基础上,从组织间网络结构层面提出了突发公共卫生事件应急预案改革和优化策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 The emergency plan is the action guide for emergency management organizations,and effective collaboration between organizations is a necessary condition for responding to public emergencies.By applying social network analysis methods,this article firstly researches the plan level and the entire process of emergency management,and then quantifies and visualizes the interorganizational network structure and relationship mode of the public health emergency plan at the municipal,provincial and national levels. This article finds that the emergency plan network of public health at all levels is sparse and the interorganizational contact decreases linearly with the reduction of the plan level. The disposal and rescue stages are the weak links of the network in each stage of the emergency plan. There are dependent organizations for emergency management tasks at all levels of the plan, but the generalization of organizational functions and the uneven distribution of emergency management stages in the plan restrict the realization of emergency management tasks; There are key organizations in the plan,but the leading organization has changed due to the difference between the plan level and the emergency management stage of the plan; There are enclosed small groups in the overall network of plans at all levels. The central structure of the municipal and provincial emergency plan network is obvious and there is an interactive relationship between the groups,while the national emergency plan network structure is relatively isolated,showing the characteristics of the strong connection within the group and the weak connection between the groups. On this basis, the reform and optimization strategies of emergency plans for public health emergencies from the perspective of the network structure between organizations are proposed.更多还原