【摘要】 为了实现单株油菜叶面积"无损、高精确度和高效率"的测量目标,提出了一套综合运用图像处理法、叶面积仪法、系数回归法(叶长宽积,以下缩写为L×W)和纸样称重法四种方法的单叶累加测量策略,并开展了相应的实证研究。测量精确度分析结果表明,图像处理法、叶面积仪法、系数回归法(L×W)均可实现油菜叶面积的田间无损精确测量,其中测量精确度图像处理法最高,叶面积仪法次之,系数回归法(L×W)最低,测量误差分别为2.94%、4.47%、6.01%。图像处理法测量叶面积,对于因拍摄角度差异造成的测量误差不明显。同一方法不同生育期建立相应校正模型更有利于精确的测量。测量效率分析结果表明,叶面积仪法测量效率最高,系数回归法(L×W)次之,图像处理法最低,但在人力可接受范畴内。结合不同生育期叶数和叶形特点,并科学处理"高精确度"和"高效率"之间的关系,制订了一个测量方案,叶宽大于12 cm的长柄叶主要通过图像处理法进行测量,叶宽小于12 cm的短柄叶、无柄叶主要以叶面积仪法测量,所有叶通过系数回归法(L×W)测量,用于少数残缺或漏测叶片的补充及对其他方法测量结果作对比分析,通过纸样称重法校正模型进行校正。该方案可为单株油菜叶面积田间无损测量提供技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to achieve the measurement goal of “non-destructive, high-efficiency and high accuracy” individual rape leaf area, a set of single-leaf accumulative measurement strategies using four methods including image processing method, leaf area meter method, coefficient regression method which specifies leaf length and width product, hereinafter abbreviated “L×W ”, and pattern weighing method are proposed, and carried out corresponding empirical research. The measurement accuracy analysis results showed that the image processing method, leaf area meter method, and coefficient regression method(L×W) can achieve field non-destructive and accurate measurement of rape leaf area. The image processing method has the highest measurement accuracy, followed by the leaf area meter method, the accuracy of coefficient regression method(L×W) is the lowest, and the measurement errors are 2.94%, 4.47%, and 6.01%, respectively. The measurement error caused by the difference of shooting angle is not obvious when the leaf area is measured by image processing. It is more conducive to accurate measurement to establish corresponding calibration models for different growth periods in the same method. The results of measurement efficiency analysis showed that the leaf area meter method had the highest measurement efficiency, followed by the coefficient regression method(L×W), and that of the image processing method was the lowest, whereas it is within the scope of manpower acceptable.Combined with the analysis of the number and shape of leaves in different growth periods, and scientifically dealt with the relationship between “high accuracy” and “high efficiency”, the measurement scheme was formulated that the long-petiole leaves with a width of more than 12 cm were mainly measured by image processing method, while short-petiole leaves with a width of less than 12 cm and sessile leaves were mainly measured by leaf area meter method, and all leaves were measured by the coefficient regression method(L×W), which was used to supplement the few incomplete or missed leaves, and to compare the measurement results of other methods,and the measurement scheme was corrected by the calibration model of the paper weighing method. This scheme can provide technical support for the field non-destructive measurement of individual rape leaf area.更多还原